Renaissance

Question 1

What was the Renaissance?

Answer 1

A period of time where people began to look at the world around them in new ways. They questioned their old ideas and developed new ideas about art, architecture, science, literature and medicine.

Question 2

What is fresco?

Answer 2

A method of painting directly onto wet plaster.

Question 3

What is sfumato?

Answer 3

A painting technique that blurs or smudges lines and colours to soften textures and create a ‘smoky’ effect.

Question 4

What is perspective?

Answer 4

Depth and distance in a painting

Question 5

What is anatomy?

Answer 5

the study of the structure of the human body

Question 6

What is the movable type printing press?
Who made it and when?

Answer 6

a method of printing books that placed individual metal letters into a frame to form words, coated in ink and pressed onto paper.

Johannes Gutenberg in 1450

Question 7

What is vernacular?

Answer 7

the language spoken by people in their native country

Question 8

What is a sonnet?

Answer 8

a 14 line rhyming poem popular during the Renaissance?

Question 9

What is astronomy?

Answer 9

the study of planets and stars

Question 10

What is heresy?

Answer 10

knowingly holding a view that went against the official teachings of the Catholic Church.

Question 11

What are the causes of the Renaissance?

Answer 11

1. The ruins of the Roman Empire
2. The fall of Constantinople in 1453
3. Wealth from trade
4. New ideas from trade
5. Competition between Italian states.
6. Patrons

Question 12

What are the differences between medieval and Renaissance art?

Answer 12

-Themes (biblical or secular)
-Materials and Colours:
Medieval- limited colours, egg tempera paint
Renaissance- oil paint, many colours, shading
-Perspective
-People
-REALISM

Question 13

Explain how the remains of Ancient Rome caused the Renaissance

Answer 13

Remains of buildings from Ancient Rome were found all over Italy, due to Italy being the centre of the Roman Empire.
This reminded the Italians of the accomplishments achieved at that time and encouraged them to continue those achievements now.

Question 14

Explain how Greek scholars caused the Renaissance

Answer 14

When the Greek scholars fled from Constantinople to Italy, they brought their ancient Greek and Roman manuscripts with them.
These books were full of ideas from the ancient worlds that Italians had never seen.

Question 15

Explain how wealthy merchants caused the Renaissance

Answer 15

Due to their wealth from trade during the Age of Exploration, these people had a lot of money to spend on works of art and architecture to demonstrate their power.

Question 16

Explain how competition between Italian states caused the Renaissance

Answer 16

Artists were hired by Patrons to produce great buildings and works of art that would show their state was the richest and most powerful.

Question 17

Explain how patrons caused the Renaissance

Answer 17

Patrons were wealthy people who commisioned an artist to produce works of art for them.
Patrons like Popes and Kings wanted works that glorified their spaces

Question 18

Who were the ‘de Medicci’s and why are they important to the Renaissance?

Answer 18

They were important patrons in Florence who were wealthy and very powerful. They used their money to endure the men who ran Florence, did what they wanted.

Question 19

How did the de Medicci’s help Florence?

Answer 19

~They were important patrons
~They opened schools for the study of Roman and Greek manuscripts
~They set up their own academy for sculptors in their palace

Question 20

List an artist during the Renaissance and one piece of work they produced.
How did this piece differ from the Medieval Times?

Answer 20

Leonardo da Vinci
The Mona Lisa/ The Last Supper/ Virgin of the Rocks
~Perspective
~Use of sfumato
~Vibrancy of colours
~secular

Question 21

Identify several changes in Medicine during the Renaissance

Answer 21

~Andreas Vesalius wrote ‘On The Fabric Of The Human Body’ which was full of correct information and 270 correct drawings of muscles, veins and organs

~Renaissance doctors carried out dissections to learn more about the human body

~William Harvey discovered that the heart pumps blood around the human body

Question 22

Identify a change in Science during the Renaissance

Answer 22

-Backed up Copernicus’s theory of the earth rotating around the sun and not humans
-Discovery of telescope

Question 23

Briefly explain the impact of the printing press

Answer 23

~Cheaper meant more accessible (new ideas spread)
~More people learned to read and write
~Control the Catholic Church had declined
~Use of Latin declined and writers wrote in vernacular

Question 24

Describe the achievements of 1 Renaissance artists.

Answer 24

Leonardo da Vinci (1475-1564)
~Masterpieces (Mona Lisa)

~Notebooks- mirror writing, drawings of machines centuries before they were created.