The Origin Of Plants Flashcards
Percentage of earths land cleared for agriculture?
40%
Plants use in medicine Yew tree example
Yew tree (taxus baccata is a source of taxol) = used in chemotherapy for ovarian cancer
Plant use in medicine heart failure example
Digitalis purpurea = origin of digitoxin used to treat heart failure
Autotrophs
Uses simple substances such as carbon dioxide and light from the sun to produce complex organic compounds (food)
Heterotrophs
Eats other plants and animals for energy
When did earth form?
4.5 bya
When did photosynthesis evolve?
3.5bya
When did oxygenic photosynthesis evolve?
2.5bya
Anoxygenic photosynthesis
Light energy is captured and converted to ATP without the production of oxygen and use of water as an electron donor.
Instead uses sulfide, iron, hydrogen
Example of when anoxygenic photosynthesis occurs?
In anaerobic bacteria
What was the first fossil evidence of archaeplastida?
Fossil B. Pubescens indicates that
That photosynthetic eukaryotes existed 1.2bya
Primary endosymbiosis
Original internalisation of prokaryotes by ancestral eukaryote to form a mitochondria or chloroplast
Secondary endosymbiosis
Non phototrophic eukaryotes that engulfed red/green algae to obtain chloroplast/mitochondria (which were inside them)
Green plants also known as
Viridiplantae
Rhodophytes also known as
Red algae
