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Oxford - Diversity Of life > Rise Of The Archosaurs > Flashcards

Rise Of The Archosaurs Flashcards

1
Q

What does the Mesozoic era refer to?

A

Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous

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2
Q

What does archosaurs literally mean

A

Ruling reptiles

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3
Q

When did the Archosaurs dominate and what did they take over from?

A

Clade of diapsids that’s dominated terrestrial environments of the Mesozoic, taking over from the synapsids that had dominated the Palaezoic

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4
Q

What were the Mesozoic oceans dominated by? (Marina diapsids)
PIMM

A

Icthyosaurs
Plesiosaurs
Marine turtles
Mosasaurs

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5
Q

What did archosaurs dominate?

A

Terrestrial areas

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6
Q

What was the most specialised marina diapsids?

A

Icthyosaurs

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7
Q

What have all marine diapsids done?

A

All evolved more active lifestyles in the ocean in response to predatory behaviour

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8
Q

X

A

4 chambered heart

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9
Q

X

A

More erect gait

Modified ankle joint with calcaneal tuber

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10
Q

What are pterosaurs highly specialised for

A

flight

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11
Q

What feature do diapsids have?

A

Amniote tetrapods with two holes (temporal fenestra) in their skull

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12
Q

What feature do synapsids have?

A

One hole (fenestra) behind each eye orbit on the lower part of the skull

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13
Q

Anapsids

A

No openings in the skull

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14
Q

What does the temporal fenestra (diapsids) allow?

A

Allows the expansion of jaw musculature beyond the adductor chamber

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15
Q

What does the temporal fenestra (diapsids) accommodate? (3)

A

Larger muscles
Teeth
Powerful bite

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16
Q

What are the two openings of the temporal fenestra called?

A

Mandibular fenestra

Antorbital fenestra

17
Q

What type of ankle do archosaurs have?

A

Modified ankle joint with calcaneal tuber

18
Q

What is the modified ankle of archosaurs associated with?

A

A more erect gait

Semi-bipedalism

19
Q

How do Mesozoic crocodylomorphs differ from modern, living crocodiles?

A

Much greater diversity

20
Q

What are pterosaurs (an order of reptiles) highly specialised for?

A

Flight

21
Q

Why are pterosaurs not dinosaurs?

A

X

22
Q

How is a pterosaur wing formed?

A

Skin membrane stretched between hyper elongates 4th finger of forelimb, and ankle area of hindlimb

23
Q

What are the largest animals ever to fly?

A

Pterosaurs

24
Q

How do pterosaurs walk?

A 
Quadrupedally
Plantigrade hindlimb (flat footed) and digitigrade forelimb (walking on fingers to accommodate wing)
25
Q

What has evidence suggested about pterosaur breeding? And what would this be convergent with?

A

They bred colonially and may have provided care to their offspring

Convergent with birds

Oxford - Diversity Of life (39 decks)

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