Arthropod I Flashcards
What is Arthropoda and what is it within?
Superphylum - Ecdysozoa
Phylum - Arthropoda
What does Ecdysozoa include?
Arthropoda
Onychophora
Tardigrada
What are the 5 subphyla (extinct and extanct) of Arthropoda
Extanct: Crustacean Hexapodes Chelicerata Myriapoda
Extinct:
Trilobite
Three characterisations of Arthropoda
Segmentation
Jointed appendages
Exoskeleton
Homonomous meaning
Example
Parts having a similar forms and structure and arranged in a series (eg. Fingers or toes)
Eg. Common ancestor of all Arthropoda had a series of similar segments
Heteronomous meaning
Example
Parts of an organisms differing in manner of growth, development or specialisation
Eg. Segments in extanct taxa differ as they are are fused/lost/specialised
Tagmosis
Grouping of segments with similar function/structure
Main three Arthropod tagmata
Head
Thorax
Abdomen
X
Trunk
Cephalothorax
X
X
Appendages on each segment
Article
Segments on appendages themselves
What do arthropod joints allow?
Appendage articles can be articulated despite the hard exoskeleton
What is at an arthropod joint?
Flexible cuticle allows bending
What controls arthropod appendage movement?
Antagonistic muscles
- flexor and extensor muscles allow movement of articles relative to each other
- protractor and retractor muscles allow appendage extension and retraction