Arthropod II

Question 1

What type of taxon is Crustacea?

Answer 1

Paraphyletic

Question 2

What have Hexapoda evolved from?

Answer 2

Crustacean ancestor

Question 3

Pancrustacea

Answer 3

Hexapoda and crustaceans together

Question 4

When did hexapodes emerge?

Answer 4

470 mya

Question 5

Which two classes of Crustacea are more related to Hexapoda?

Answer 5

Cephalocarida (horseshoe shrimp)
Remipedia (class of blind crustacean)

Question 6

Six major classes of Crustacean

Answer 6

Cephalocarida(horseshoe shrimp)
Remipedia

Maxillopoda (crabs, krill, wood lice, barnacles, copepods)
Branchiopoda (fairy shrimp, water fleas)

Ostracoda (seed shrimp)
Maxillopoda (tongue worms, fish lice)

Question 7

What type of taxon are Maxillopoda (one of the major classes of Crustacea)

Answer 7

Polyphyletic

Tongue worms
Fish lice

Question 8

Cephalocarida

Answer 8

Horseshoe shrimp

Question 9

Remipedia

Answer 9

Type of blind crustacean

Question 10

Malacostraca and Maxillopoda

Answer 10

Crabs
Krill
Woodlice
Barnacles
Copepods

Question 11

Branchiopoda

Answer 11

Fairy shrimp

Water fleas

Question 12

Ostracoda

Answer 12

Seed shrimp

Question 13

Maxillopoda

Answer 13

Tongue worms

Fish lice

Question 14

How many pairs of antennae do crustaceans have?

Answer 14

Two

Question 15

What kind of metamorphosis do crustaceans have? XXX

Answer 15

Metamorphosis’s with nauplius larvae

Question 16

How many body segments do crustaceans have?

Answer 16

At least two

Question 17

Malacostraca

Answer 17

Largest class of the six classes of crustaceans with approximately 40k species

Question 18

Describe the Tagmosis of malastraca

Answer 18

Standard head thorax abdomen with appendage son each

Question 19

What is within the stomach of crustaceans?

Answer 19

Gastric mill which is good for grinding food

Question 20

Crustaceans exhibit

Answer 20

Lots of diversity in Tagmosis regions, segment numbers and segment fusion

Question 21

Uniramous appendages

Answer 21

Single series of segments (articles) attached end to end which are unbranched

Question 22

Biramous appendages

Answer 22

Branched Series of segments (articles)

Question 23

Ramus

Answer 23

Article branch

Question 24

What type of development do crustaceans use?

Answer 24

Both direct and indirect

Question 25

Direct development

Answer 25

Hatching with all segments and appendages

Question 26

Indirect development

Answer 26

Involves a larval stage | Don’t hatch with all the segments and appendages

Question 27

What variation is there in crustacean development?

Answer 27

Larval type Larval stages Number of moults

Question 28

What is nauplius larva

Answer 28

First planktonic larval form of some crustaceans (and most marine forms)

Question 29

The diversification of Arthropoda is what to insects?

Answer 29

Independent

Question 30

How many pairs of legs do Hexapoda generally have?

Answer 30

Two pairs on each segment (three segments)

Question 31

How many and what tagmata do Hexapoda have?

Answer 31

Abdomen Thorax Head

Question 32

What classes does Hexapoda include ?

Answer 32

Insecta | Entognatha

Question 33

Entognatha characterisation

Answer 33

Concealed mouthpart | Ametabolous development

Question 34

Insecta characterisation

Answer 34

Exposed mouthparts

Question 35

Ametabolous development

Answer 35

gradual increase in the size of young until adult dimensions are attained.

Question 36

Note to self to draw out the t’axons and learn by images

Answer 36

X

Question 37

Stages of hemimetabolous development

Answer 37

Egg nymph adult

Question 38

Stages of holometabolous development

Answer 38

Egg larva pupa adult

Question 39

Insect diversity statistic

Answer 39

200 million insects for every human

Question 40

What type of leg appendage is for walking

Answer 40

Cursorial foreleg

Question 41

What type of leg appendage is for jumping

Answer 41

Saltatorial leg

Question 42

What type of leg appendage is for digging

Answer 42

Fossorial foreleg

Question 43

What type of leg appendage is on a diving beetle

Answer 43

Natatorial hind leg

Question 44

What type of leg appendage is for a mantis

Answer 44

Raptorial foreleg

Question 45

9 specialisations of insect wings

Answer 45

``` Elytra (beetles) Membranous (bees - lightweight) Fringed (thrips) Tegmina (grasshopper) Scaly (butterflies) Stridulation (crickets) Leaf like (leaf insects) Halteres (flies) Hemelytra (true bugs) ```

Question 46

Parasitoid | Example

Answer 46

Insect who’s larvae live as parasites that kill the host Wasp and flies