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VMS 1007 > The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the testes?

A

to produce sperm and hormones

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2
Q

What is the function of the ducts?

A

To store and transport sperm

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3
Q

What is the function of the accessory glands?

A

To contribute to secretions and increase volume to semen

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4
Q

What kind of organ is the penis?

A

Intromittent (insertion organ)

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5
Q

What is the site of sperm production?

A

seminiferous tubules

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6
Q

What is another name for sperm production?

A

Spermatogenesis

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7
Q

What is the name of the network that the seminiferous tubules open into?

A

rete testis

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8
Q

What does the rete testis drain into?

A

The head of the epididymis

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9
Q

Where does the immature sperm travel to after going through all three parts of the epididymis?

A

The deferent duct

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10
Q

What is the name of the cells that support the production of sperm in the seminiferous tubules?

A

Sertoli cells

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11
Q

What is the role of Leydig cells?

A

They are responsible for testosterone secretion

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12
Q

What makes up the capsule that surrounds the testis?

A

smooth muscle and connective tissue (tunica albuginea)

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13
Q

What can be found on top of the tunica albuginea?

A

The vaginal tunic/ double layer of peritoneum

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14
Q

What is the role of the gubernaculum?

A

Pulls testicles down into pouch (from inguinal canal into scrotum)

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15
Q

What do the veins in the testes form?

A

Pampiniform plexus

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16
Q

What is the purpose of the pampiniform plexus?

A

Cool veins wrap around the warm arteries, this increases the surface area in contact and cools the blood

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17
Q

What is the spermatic cord?

A

A collection of structures including arteries veins, and the deferent duct

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18
Q

What is the function of the cremaster muscle?

A

raises/ lowers the testes

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19
Q

How do the testes keep cool?

A

Pampiniform plexus, sweat glands in the scrotal skin

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20
Q

What happens if the testes get too cold?

A

Cremaster muscle pulls testicles upwards, Dartos muscle contracts reducing the surface area

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21
Q

What are the four different sex glands?

A

Ampulla, Vesicular, Prostate, and Bulbourethral

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22
Q

What is the function of the prepuce?

A

Contains the penis, stops it from drying out

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23
Q

What is Paraphimosis

A

inability for the penis to reduce back into the prepuce

24
Q

What does the penis allow?

A

direct deposition of spermatozoa into the female reproductive tract

25
What are the three sections of the penis?
Root, Body and Glans
26
Where does the penis originate from?
from the ischial arch
27
What does the root of the penis contain?
corpus cavernosum and an expansion of corpus spongiosa around the penile urethra
28
What does the body of the penis contain?
Combined corpus cavernosum that run alongside corpus spongiosa
29
What does the glans of the penis contain?
It is the distal/ free portion, and is shaped by the expansion of the corpus spongiosum
30
What are the two different types of penis in domestic animals?
Musculo cavernous and Fibroelastic
31
What is a Fibroelastic penis?
The elongation is mostly by relaxation of the retractor penis muscle and straightening of the sigmoid flexure, has less blood flow
32
What is a Musculo cavernous penis?
Erection formed by large volumes of blood filling the blood spaces
33
Where is the baculum/ penis bone found
after the termination of the corpus cavernosum
34
what is the function of the baculum? (os penis)
To contribute to the stiffness
35
What is the bulbus glandis?
The expanded proximal part of the penis
36
How does the bulbus glandis contribute to reproduction?
It enlarges before ejaculation helping the penis 'lock in' during mating
37
What does the glans of a cat penis look like?
has keratinised papillae which help stimulate ovulation
38
What does the glans of a pig penis look like?
Corkscrew
39
What does the glans of a bull penis look like?
small, asymmetrical and slightly spiralled
40
What does the glans of a small ruminant penis look like?
the urethral process continues beyond the penis
41
What does the glans of a horse penis look like?
Mushroom shaped with a fossa
42
Why does the horse prepuce have two layers?
To allow for lengthening
43
What are the three muscles of the penis?
Retractor, Bulbospongiosus and Ischiocavernosi
44
What is the function of the Ischiocavernosi muscle?
When contracted it blocks venous return from the corpus cavernosum
45
What is the function of the Bulbospongiosus muscle?
Expels the urethral contents
46
What is the function of the retractor muscle?
Helps to contribute to erections by blocking blood backflow
47
What does the tunica albuginea do to the testes?
Causes them to become pressurised
48
What is the name of the artery and vein that run within the tunica albuginea?
Testicular artery and vein
49
What is the testicular artery a direct branch off and what does this mean?
it is a direct branch of the abdominal aorta which means that the blood flows at a high pressure
50
What does the urethra join with?
The urethra joins with the deferent duct and they leave the bladder together, hence why it contains both semen and urine
51
What are paired crura?
separate structures of the penis, they are covered in corpus cavernosum
52
What artery supplies blood to the urethra, accesory sex glands and the penis?
internal pudendal artery
53
What three nerves innervates the penis?
Pudendal, Hypogastric and Pelvic
54
What species does not contain a bulbourethral gland?
Dogs
55
What is the os-penis at the termination of?
The corpus cavernosum
56
What is the widest part of the horse penis called?
The corona
57
What is the purpose of the horse prepuce having two layers?
allows for lengthening of the penis

VMS 1007 (30 decks)

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