Reproductive tract of exotic species Flashcards
Which animals do not have a diaphragm?
Birds, Reptiles and Fish
What is the cloaca?
A common exit to the intestinal, urinary and genital tracts
What are the three sections of the cloaca?
Coprodeum
* Urodeum
* Proctodeum
Where are the reproductive organs found in male reptiles?
within the coelomic cavity
What exotic animals have a bladder?
tortoises and terrapins
What temperature is most ideal for spermatogenesis?
Higher temperatures
What are hemipenes?
two inverted structures either side of the cloaca in place of a penis
Which animals have hemipenes?
Snakes and lizards
What are phalluses and hemipenes used for only?
reproduction
What does oviparous mean?
Lay eggs
What does viviparous mean?
Give birth to live young
What does ovoviviparous mean?
the egg develops inside the female
What is a potential problem with induced ovulation?
If no male triggers ovulation the the female can be left with too many follicles in the abdomen
How do you sex a tortoise based on tail length?
Males have a longer tail and the tail is further from the cloaca
How do you sex a snake?
Using a sexing probe, it goes further in males
How can you sex a male gecko or bearded dragon?
They have hemipenile bulges
Where are the testes found in birds?
Inside the coelomic cavity
What adaptation do birds have?
Spermatogenesis can occur at a higher temperature than in mammals
How many sides of the female reproductive tract in birds is functional?
only one, usually the left
What colour is the cere in female birds?
light brown as opposed to blue in males
How can you sex a parrot?
by using either a DNA blood test or a feather DNA test
What kind of fertilisation do fish usually do?
External
What is the process of sperm and ova being released externally?
Fish have a duct system, this can then pass into the urogenital sinus- this then opens into the kidney and is released to the outside aperture
Where are testes usually found in fish?
between the swim bladder and intestine
Where are ovaries usually found in fish?
ventral to the kidneys and swim bladder, however they are more dorsal than testes
How would you sex a goldfish?
Males develop white spots on the gill covers and pectoral fins
What is the phallus/hemipene formed from?
The cloaca (engorgement of fibrous/vascular erectile tissue)
