The Female Reproductive system

Question 1

What do the ovaries do?

Answer 1

Produce ova and hormones

Question 2

What do the uterine tubes do?

Answer 2

Capture and transport ova, this is also where fertilisation occurs

Question 3

What does the uterus do?

Answer 3

accommodate fertilised ova

Question 4

What does the cervix do?

Answer 4

Controls access to the uterus

Question 5

What does the vagina/ vestibule do?

Answer 5

together they form the female copulatory organ and the birth canal

Question 6

What does the vulva do?

Answer 6

the external part of the female genital system, it protects the reproductive tract opening

Question 7

What do the ligaments do?

Answer 7

Support the reproductive organs internally

Question 8

What do follicles contain?

Answer 8

they each contain a single ovum

Question 9

What can be found in the centre and outside of the follicles?

Answer 9

loose vascular zone/ Medulla in centre and there is an outer/ dense parenchymatous zone

Question 10

What is the first stage of follicle development?

Answer 10

Primordial follicle, a single layer of flat granulosa cells

Question 11

What is the second stage of follicle development?

Answer 11

Primary follicle formed, The flat granulosa cells become cuboidal cells

Question 12

What is the third stage of follicle development

Answer 12

Secondary follicle formed, there are several layers of cells with fluid-filled spaces

Question 13

What is the fourth stage of follicle development

Answer 13

Tertiary (Graafian) follicle formed, it is mature- the fluid spaces are all joint up (these can then rupture and the ova pushes them out)

Question 14

What is atresia?

Answer 14

When follicles disappear/ do not fully mature

Question 15

What occurs during ovulation?

Answer 15

Graafian follicle ruptures, the fluid flushes the ovum to the uterine tube, the remaining follicle bleeds a little

Question 16

What does the tissue form during ovulation?

Answer 16

corpus luteum

Question 17

What happens to the corpus luteum when there is no pregnancy?

Answer 17

corpus luteum regresses, scar tissue called the corpus albicans is formed

Question 18

What is the function of the uterine tube?

Answer 18

capture and transport ova to the uterus

Question 19

What lines the uterine tube?

Answer 19

ciliated epithelium

Question 20

What are the three parts of the uterine tuube?

Answer 20

infundibulum, Ampulla and Isthmus

Question 21

What are the three different parts of the uterus?

Answer 21

Horns, body and Cervix

Question 22

How does the cervix limit access to the vagina?

Answer 22

It forms a sphincter, Thick mucosal folds interdigitate, can occlude cervical canal
* Cervical mucosa secrete mucus, forming a plug

Question 23

How many layers does the uterine wall have?

Answer 23

three

Question 24

What is the inner layer of the uterus called?

Answer 24

mucosal layer (endometrium)

Question 25

What are uterine caruncles

Answer 25

attachment sites of embryonic membranes

Question 26

What is the muscle layer responsible for?

Answer 26

Responsible for uterine contractions The activity is coordinated- longitudinal contractions ‘shorten utuerus’ while circular contractions push out contents.

Question 27

What is the vulva?

Answer 27

the external genital opening

Question 28

Where are the labia found?

Answer 28

either side of the genital opening

Question 29

Where is the clitoris?

Answer 29

lies within ventral commissure, contained within the clitoral fossa

Question 30

What is the function of the intercornual ligament

Answer 30

connects uterine horns

Question 31

What are fimbriae?

Answer 31

Projections on the expanded infundibulum portion of the uterine tube

Question 32

What lines the uterine tube?

Answer 32

ciliated epithelium

Question 33

What are uterine caruncles and where are they found?

Answer 33

sites of attachment for the placenta, they are found in the endometrium

Question 34

What is the function of the vestibular glands?

Answer 34

They lubricate the vestibule during copulation and birth

Question 35

What is the serosal/outer layer of the peritoneum continuous with?

Answer 35

The broad ligament

Question 36

What does the broad ligament enclose?

Answer 36

The suspensory, ovarian and round ligament of the uterus?

Question 37

What are the three arteries that supply the reproductive tract?

Answer 37

Ovarian, Uterine and vaginal (also internal pudendal)

Question 38

What does pgf2 alpha do to the corpus luteum?

Answer 38

causes regression

Question 39

What is the function of the vestibular glands in the vestibule/vulva

Answer 39

lubricates the vestibule during copulation and parturition