The anterior compartment of the forearm - superficial muscles (dave's notes) Flashcards
List the superficial muscles of the forearm
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Flexor digitorum superficialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris
What is the origin of pronator teres?
Humeral head: medial epicondyle, medial supracondylar ridge and medial intermuscular septum
Ulnar head: medial border of coronoid process
What is the insertion of pronator teres?
Just posterior to the most prominent part of the lateral convexity of the radius
What is the action and innervation of pronator teres?
Pronates forearm and flexes elbow.
Median nerve C6,7 from the lateral and medial cords
What passes between the two heads of pronator teres?
The median nerve
What forms the medial border of the cubital fossa?
Pronator teres
Flexor muscles of the forearm are arranged in groups of ………… muscles that ……. the ………, and deep muscles that … …… . There are …….. wrist flexors, ……… digit flexors, and ….. pronators
superficial muscles that cross the elbow, and deep muscles that do not. There are 3 wrist flexors, 3 digit flexors, and 2 pronators.
What is the origin and insertion of flexor carpi radialis?
Origin: the common flexor origin - a smooth area on the anterior surface of the medial epicondyle
Where is the common flexor origin? Which muscles originate here?
A smooth area on the anterior surface of the medial epicondyle FCR PT FDS Palmaris longus FCU
What is the action and nerve supply of flexor carpi radialis?
Flexes and abducts wrist
Median nerve C6,7 from lateral and medial cords
What is the origin of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Humeral head: common flexor origin, medial ligament of elbow,
Ulnar head: sublime tubercle and fibrous arch
Radial head: Whole length of anterior oblique line
What is the insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Tendons split to insert onto sides of the middle phalanges of the medial four fingers
What is the action and innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flexes the proximal interphalangeal joints and the MCP/Wrist.
Nerve is the median nerve (C7,8,T1) from the medial and lateral cords
What nerve is closely related to flexor digitorum superficialis and how?
The median nerve is applied to the under surface of the muscle
What is the origin and insertion of palmaris longus?
The common flexor origin and the medial epicondyle of humerus
Inserts into the flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
What is the action and innervation of palmaris longus?
Palmaris longus flexes the wrist and tenses the palmar aponeurosis
Supplied by the median nerve C7,8 from the lateral and medial cords
Which muscle is sometimes absent from the anterior compartment of the forearm? How often?
Palmaris longus, 13% of individuals
What is the origin and insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Origin: Humeral head originates from the common flexor origin and the ulnar head from the medial olecranon and upper 3/4 of ulna
Insertion: Pisiform, hook of the hamate, base of the fifth metacarpal via pisometacarpal and pisohamate ligaments
What is the action and innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flexes and adducts wrist. Fixes pisiform during action of hypothenar muscles.
Innervated by the ULNAR NERVE C7,8, T1, lateral cord
What nerve is closely associated with flexor carpi ulnaris and how?
The ulnar nerve passes between the two heads.
If you place the heel of the palm of the hand over the opposite medial epicondyle, palm lying on the forearm, the digits point to the five superficial muscles. Name the muscle for each digit.
Thumb - pronator teres Index - flexor carpi radialis Middle - FDS Ring - Palmaris longus Little - FCU
