Axilla - spaces and contents (dave's notes)

Question 1

What are the spaces of the axilla?

Answer 1

The quadrangular space and the triangular space

Question 2

What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?

Answer 2

Lies between subscapularis and teres major in the posterior wall of the axilla

Question 3

What are the boundaries of the triangular space?

Answer 3

Lies below teres major between the humerus and long head of triceps

Question 4

What does the quadrangular space transmit?

Answer 4

The axillary nerve, posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein lie inferiorly

Question 5

What does the triangular space transmit?

Answer 5

The radial nerve and profunda brachia vessels

Question 6

What does the axilla transmit?

Answer 6

The neurovascular bundle from the back of the neck to the upper limb

Question 7

Where are the three cords of the brachial plexus form? How do they enter the axilla?

Answer 7

Behind the clavicle

Enters above the artery

Question 8

How are the cords related to the vessels of the axilla?

Answer 8

The cords approach and embrace the second part of the artery, the veins lie medially throughout.

Question 9

What is the axillary artery a continuation of? How does it enter the axilla?

Answer 9

The subclavian artery

Enters by passing over the first digitation of the serratus anterior muscle, invested by axillary sheath fascia

Question 10

Where does the axillary sheath fascia originate?

Answer 10

The prevertebral fascia

Question 11

What artery does the axillary artery become? Where?

Answer 11

At the lower border of teres major

Question 12

What are the divisions of the axillary artery? By what?

Answer 12

Divided into three parts by pec minor. The second part is behind pec minor

Question 13

What surrounds the second part of the axillary artery?

Answer 13

The three cords of the brachial plexus

Question 14

What happens to the shape of the axillary artery?

Answer 14

It changes shape with the position of the arm

Question 15

How are the branches of the axillary artery divided?

Answer 15

1st part 1, 2nd part 2, 3rd part 3

Question 16

What are the branches of the axillary artery?

Answer 16

1. Superior thoracic artery
2. Thoracoacromial
3. Lateral thoracic
4. Subscapular
5. Anterior circumflex humeral
6. Posterior circumflex humeral

Question 17

What does the superior thoracic artery supply?

Answer 17

Both pectoral muscles

Question 18

What course does the thoracoacromial follow?

Answer 18

Skirts the upper border of ?? and pierces the clavipectoral fascia -> 4 branches

Question 19

What course does the lateral thoracic artery follow? What does it supply?

Answer 19

Follows the lower border of pec minor. Supplies pecs, breast

Question 20

What course does supcapular artery follow? What becomes of it?

Answer 20

The largest branch runs does the posterior wall. ??divides into circumflex scapular? And thoracodorsal to supply lat dorsi

Question 21

What course does the anterior circumflex humeral follow?

Answer 21

Runs deeply to both heads of CCB and BB, anastomosing with the posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 22

What does the posterior circumflex artery supply?

Answer 22

Supplies deltoid, triceps, and anastomoses with profunda brachii

Question 23

What is the course of the axillary vein?

Answer 23

The axillary artery venue comitantes join the basilic vein at the posterior wall of the axilla.
Beyond the first rib it continues as the subclavian
Tributaries into the third and second part are the same as the axillary artery.

Question 24

What does not lie around the axillary vein?

Answer 24

Well, a lot of things, you twit, but: There is no axillary sheath around the vein.