testicular ca Flashcards
1
Q
95% of testicular cancers are germ cell tumours. Divide this into two groups
A
seminomas
non-seminomas: including embryonal, yolk sac, teratoma and choriocarcinoma
2
Q
5% of testicular cancers are due to non-germ cell tumours. Give examples
A
Leydig cell tumours and sarcomas.
3
Q
Peak incidence for teratomas
A
25y
4
Q
Peak incidence for seminomas
A
35y
5
Q
Risk factors for testicular cancer
A
infertility
cryptorchidism
family history
Klinefelter’s syndrome
mumps orchitis
6
Q
Clinical features
A
painless lump
pain may be present
hydrocele
gynaecomastia
(increased oestrogen:androgen ratio)
7
Q
Common testicular tumour markers
A
seminomas: hCG
non-seminomas: AFP / beta-hCG
LDH elevated ~40% of germ cell tumours
8
Q
Imaging used for diagnosis of testicular tumour
A
US
9
Q
Management of testicular cancer
A
- Surgery = orchidectomy
- chemo/radiotherapy may be given depending on staging and tumour type
10
Q
A
