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Human Anatomy > Test 5- Urinary System > Flashcards

Test 5- Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Excretes water, NaCl through sweat

A

Skin

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2
Q

Excretes CO2

A

lungs

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3
Q

exerts bile pigment

A

Liver

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4
Q

Elimination of feces, which are composed of undigested food and bacteria

A

Digestive via defacation

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5
Q

Anatomy of the urinary system

A

2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 urinary bladder
1 urethra

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6
Q

Primary excretory organs

A

Kidneys

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7
Q

Sits at the top of each kidney

A

adrenal gland

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8
Q

Covers the kidney

A

renal capsule

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9
Q

3 layers of kidney capsule

A

renal fascia
adipose capsule
fibrous capsule

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10
Q

Outermost layer, thin fibrous CT that connects the kidney to surrounding tissues

A

Renal fascia

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11
Q

Mass of fatty tissue that holds the kidney against the posterior muscles of the body wall and cushions the kidney

A

Adipose capsule

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12
Q

Inner layer, fibrous and transparent and protects kidney against physical trauma and infection

A

Fibrous capsule

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13
Q

Lies just deep to the fibrous capsule in the kidneys

A

Cortex

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14
Q

Deep to the cortex and is divided into 6-18 cone-shaped segments called renal pyramids

A

Medulla

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15
Q

Where a portion of the nephrons are located

A

Renal pyramids

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16
Q

Empties urine into a calyx

A

Medulla

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17
Q

Functional unit of the kidney that forms urine

A

Nephron

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18
Q

2 components of the nephron

A

glomerulus

tubular

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19
Q

Vessels that get blood to the nephron

A

Glomerulus

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20
Q

Medial, expanded portion of the kidney

A

Renal pelvis

21
Q

Extension of the ureter and allows urine to move to ureter

A

Renal pelvis

22
Q

Two slightly flattened tubes

A

Ureters

23
Q

Location of the ureters

A

retroperitoneal

24
Q

How often does urine move to the bladder

A

every 10-30s

25
Q

Location of the urinary bladder

A

Posterior to pubic symphysis

26
Q

Capacity of the urinary bladder

A

600 mL

27
Q

When is a signal sent to the CNS indicating a need to urinate?

A

When the bladder contains about 250mL

28
Q

Stimulate internal sphincter muscles to relax

A

Sacral portions of the spinal cord

29
Q

Connect with the bladder through openings in the floor of the bladder

A

ureters

30
Q

Delivers urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

A

urethra

31
Q

External opening of the urethra

A

urethral orifice

32
Q

Surrounds the urethra

A

internal urethral sphincter

external urethral sphincter

33
Q

4 parts of the renal corpuscle

A

afferent arteriole
glomerulus
efferent arteriole
Bowman’s capsule

34
Q

What happens in the Glomerulus

A

large molecules remains in the blood which small molecules leave blood

35
Q

A sac around the glomerulus into which movie the small molecules filtrated out of the blood at the glomerulus

A

Glomerular capsule

36
Q

Twisted tube in the cortex of the kidney that connects the glomerular capsule to the descending loop of Henle

A

Proximal convoluted tubule

37
Q

A tube that descends from the proximal convoluted tubule into the medulla

A

Loop of Henle

38
Q

Where NaCl is reabsorbed into peritubular capillaries, which allows for reabsorption of water into capillaries

A

Loop of Henle

39
Q

Absorbs molecules actively secreted from the peritubular capillaries

A

Distal convoluted tubule

40
Q

Large tubule in the medulla

A

Collecting duct

41
Q

Site of reabsorption of water into peritubular capillaries

A

Collecting duct

42
Q

Analyzes the composition of urine to aid in determining the health of body

A

Urinalysis

43
Q

What is the normal pH of urine

A

4.6-8.0

44
Q

Pigments that give urine its yellow color from RBC breakdown

A

Urochromes

45
Q

Blood in urine

A

Hematuria

46
Q

What goes glucose in urine indicate?

A

too high levels of glucose in blood

47
Q

What does albumin in the blood indicate?

A

damaged glomerulus

48
Q

Hard objects formed in the kidneys formed by calcium

A

Kidney stones

49
Q

Inability to prevent discharge of urine

A

urinary incontinence

Human Anatomy (20 decks)

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