Test 5- Respiratory System

Question 1

Upper respiratory tract

Answer 1

Nose
Pharynx
Larynx

Question 2

External openings of the nose

Answer 2

nostrils

Question 3

Cavity inside the nose

Answer 3

vestibule

Question 4

Narrow openings separated by the median nasal septum

Answer 4

Nasal cavity

Question 5

Divides into L and R, composed of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, the vomer and cartilage

Answer 5

Median nasal Septum

Question 6

Septum is pushed to one side and interferes with respiration and drainage

Answer 6

Deviated septum

Question 7

Covered with ciliated mucous membranes that filter, warm and humidify air

Answer 7

Conchae

Question 8

Receive chemicals interpreted as smells

Answer 8

Olfactory receptor cells

Question 9

Air-filled spaces in the skull

Answer 9

paranasal sinuses

Question 10

inflamed sinus membrane

Answer 10

sinusitis

Question 11

Bony region forming the anterior roof of the mouth

Answer 11

Hard palate

Question 12

Separates nasal cavity from oral cavity

Answer 12

Hard palate

Question 13

Cartilaginous muscular region forming the posterior roof of the mouth

Answer 13

Soft palate

Question 14

Separates nasopharynx from oral cavity

Answer 14

Soft palate

Question 15

Projection from soft palate that prevents food from entering the nose

Answer 15

Uvula

Question 16

Connects nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus

Answer 16

Pharynx

Question 17

Common tube for the respiratory and digestive systems

Answer 17

pharynx

Question 18

3 parts of the pharynx

Answer 18

nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Question 19

Region where nasal cavities open into pharynx

Answer 19

Nasopharynx

Question 20

Includes: eustachian tubes, pharyngeal tonsils

Answer 20

Nasopharynx

Question 21

Where the oral cavity opens into the pharynx, between the soft palate and the hyoid bone just behind the tongue

Answer 21

Oropharynx

Question 22

Includes: palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils

Answer 22

Oropharynx

Question 23

Part of the lymph system and protect against bacteria

Answer 23

Palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils

Question 24

Opens into the larynx and is between the hyoid bone and esophagus

Answer 24

Laryngopharynx

Question 25

Passageway for air from the nose or mouth to the larynx and for food from the mouth to the esophagus

Answer 25

Laryngopharynx

Question 26

Formed from the thyroid and cricoid cartilage

Answer 26

Larynx

Question 27

Opening into the larynx

Answer 27

Glottis

Question 28

Cartilaginous flap that covers the glottis when swallowing food

Answer 28

Epiglottis

Question 29

Lower respiratory tract

Answer 29

``` Trachea Primary bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Lungs ```

Question 30

Made of C-shaped cartilaginous rings that prevent it from collapsing

Answer 30

Trachea/windpipe

Question 31

Extends from larynx to bronchi

Answer 31

Trachea

Question 32

Many smaller tubes branching off from tertiary bronchi- final branches are the terminal bronchioles

Answer 32

Bronchioles

Question 33

If all the bronchioles contract at the same time......

Answer 33

asthma attack

Question 34

Clusters of sacs at the end of the terminal bronchioles

Answer 34

Alveoli

Question 35

Site of gas exchange

Answer 35

Alveoli

Question 36

A disease characterized by the alveoli booming brittle and eventually rupturing

Answer 36

Emphysema

Question 37

Lined with mucous, which is high in water content and water molecules are cohesive and attract each other

Answer 37

Alveoli

Question 38

In premature babies, the surfactant-producing cells are underdeveloped and the alveoli collapse

Answer 38

IRDS (leading cause of death of premature babies)

Question 39

Divided into two lobes: superior and inferior separated by the oblique fissure

Answer 39

Left Lung

Question 40

Divided into three lobes: superior and middle are separated by the horizontal issue and middle and inferior are separated by the oblique fissure

Answer 40

Right Lung

Question 41

Forms the cavity, which is lined with the parietal pleura membrane

Answer 41

Thoracic wall

Question 42

Encloses the lung

Answer 42

Visceral pleura

Question 43

Forms the thoracic cavity floor

Answer 43

diaphragm

Question 44

Movement go air into and out of the lungs

Answer 44

Ventilation

Question 45

Normal breathing

Answer 45

Eupnea

Question 46

Deep breathing, diaphragm movements

Answer 46

diaphragmatic breathing

Question 47

Rib movements early, shallow breathing

Answer 47

Costal breathing

Question 48

Forced breathing

Answer 48

Hyperpnea

Question 49

Inspiration

Answer 49

- diaphragm contacts, which pulls it downward, while the external intercostals pull the ribs up, increasing volume of thoracic cavity - causes lung volume to increase and lowers air pressure in the lungs

Question 50

Passive expiration

Answer 50

Diaphragm and the external intercostals relax, decreasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and the lungs and increasing the air pressure in the lungs, causing the air to be pushed out

Question 51

Active expiration

Answer 51

Contraction of abdominal muscles and the internal intercostals forcing the diaphragm up and the ribs inward, causing more pressure in the lungs and thoracic cavity

Question 52

Located in the medulla oblongata

Answer 52

Respiratory center

Question 53

Used to measure respiratory function

Answer 53

Lung capacities

Question 54

The amount of air moved in and out with each breath (about 500ml)

Answer 54

Tidal Volume

Question 55

Total volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs with a single maximum breath (4500-5000ml)

Answer 55

Vital capacity

Question 56

The amount of air that can be inspired after the normal tidal volume inspired (3100ml)

Answer 56

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 57

Amount of air that can be expired after the normal tidal volume of air is expired (1400ml)

Answer 57

Expiratory reserve volume

Question 58

Amount of air left in the lungs after a maximum expiration (1000ml)

Answer 58

Residual volume

Question 59

Vital capacity+residual volume

Answer 59

Total lung capacity

Question 60

Caused by a virus that enters the cells of the upper respiratory tract and spread by mucous droplets containing virus

Answer 60

Common cold

Question 61

Virus enters respiratory cells, kills them and causes inflammation and irritation in the trachea and bronchi

Answer 61

Influenza

Question 62

Compromised airflow during attacks due to inflammation, mucous secretion and bronchoconstriction

Answer 62

Asthma

Question 63

Fluid build up in the alveoli

Answer 63

Pneumonia

Question 64

Caused by bacterium which forms a tubercle causing tissue damage

Answer 64

Tuberculosis

Question 65

Causes cells in the lungs to form fibrous CT, making the lungs less elastic and therefore less efficient

Answer 65

Pulmonary fibrosis