test 1: lab 3

Question 1

three regions of white matter in the spinal cord

Answer 1

dorsal funiculus

ventral funiculus

lateral funiculus

Question 2

___ septum divides the white matter in the spinal cord

Answer 2

dorsal median septum (in the dorsal funiculus)

Question 3

___ fissure divides the white matter on the ventral side

Answer 3

ventral median fissure

Question 4

___ is where the rootlets enter the spinal cord

Answer 4

dorsolateral sulcus

Question 5

divisions of the spinal grey matter

Answer 5

dorsal horn

intermediate zone

ventral horn

Question 6

___ contains sensory inputs (somatic and visceral afferents)

Answer 6

dorsal root

Question 7

___ contain somas of sensory afferents entering the spinal cord

Answer 7

DRG

Question 8

___ motor outputs (somatic and visceral efferents)

Answer 8

ventral root

Question 9

___ - mixed sensory and motor

Answer 9

spinal nerve

Question 10

spinal cord ends below L1 vertebrae as the ___

Answer 10

conus medullaris

Question 11

lumbar and sacral nerves after L1 form the ___

Answer 11

cauda equina

Question 12

where?

Answer 12

cervical

Question 13

Answer 13

thoracic

Question 14

Answer 14

lumbar

Question 15

ventral horns have info about ___

Answer 15

motor to muscles

Question 16

where?

Answer 16

C8 ( large ventral horn sorta oval)

Question 17

where are preganglionic sympathetic axons found in the spinal cord?

Answer 17

lateral horn (T1-L2)

Question 18

where do you find the preganglionic parasympathetic in the spinal cord?

Answer 18

S1-S3

Question 19

what kind of cells are in the intermediolateral cell column?

Answer 19

cells of the ANS

• Preganglionic sympathetic (lateral horn; T1-L2)
• Preganglionic parasympathetic (S1-S3)- rest and digest

Question 20

what is in the dorsal column of the spinal cord?

Answer 20

• Fascicululs gracilis (hindlimb)
• Fasciculus cuneatus (forelimb) (above T5)

Question 21

___ part of the dorsal column of the spinal cord that controls the frontlimb is found ___

Answer 21

Fasciculus cuneatus (forelimb)

(above T5)

Question 22

what kind of axons in white matter

Answer 22

myelinated

motor→ down

sensory →up

Question 23

ascending tracts in the spinal cord

Answer 23

Question 24

Answer 24

spinothalamic tract→ pain and temperature

anteriolateral tract

Question 25

Answer 25

ascending pathway fasiculus cuneatus (upper body) DC-ML → touch and proprioception

Question 26

Answer 26

ascending tract fasiculus gracilis lower body - touch and proprioception DC-ML

Question 27

Answer 27

dorsal spinocerebellar tract ascending tract **lower limb**- unconscious proprioception

Question 28

Answer 28

lateral corticospinal tract descending motor

Question 29

Answer 29

rubrospinal tract descending motor

Question 30

ascending pathways to the neocortex

Answer 30

**dorsal column - medial lemniscal tract** (conscious proprioception/touch/vibration) **spinothalamic tract** (pain/temperature)

Question 31

ascending pathways in the spinal cord to the cerebellum

Answer 31

for unconscious proprioception * *dorsal spinocerebellar trac**t-lower limb- clarke's nucleus * *cuneocerebellar tract**- upper limb- accessory cuneate nucleus

Question 32

Answer 32

Dorsal Column - Medial Lemniscal Tract from toe (soma in DRG)→ medulla → cross sides→ thalamus → cerebral cortex (somatosensory cortex) Fasiculus gracilis – hindlimb S,L Fasiculus cuneatus – forelimb T,C

Question 33

body map of the dorsal column

Answer 33

Fasiculus gracilis – hindlimb →Sacral, Lumbar Fasiculus cuneatus – forelimb →Thoracic, Cervical Somatotopy – body map

Question 34

Answer 34

spinothalamic tract pain and temperature sensory → dorsal horn → 2nd switches sides travels **contralaterally** up spinal cord up the (anterolateral tract)→ VPL of the thalamus → cerebral cortex (somatosensory cortex)

Question 35

two types of descending spinal pathway

Answer 35

**ventromedial pathway** → posture, balance, locomotion→ brainstem control **lateral pathway** → voluntary movement of distal muscles→ cortical control

Question 36

* Control of posture, locomotion, orienting and balance •Under brainstem control * Innervate axial and proximal musculature

Answer 36

ventromedial pathway (descending spinal pathways- upper motor neurons)

Question 37

* Voluntary movement of distal musculature * Under direct cortical control * Innervate distal musculature

Answer 37

lateral pathway descending spinal pathway (upper motor neurons)

Question 38

what pathway allows detailed finger movement

Answer 38

corticospinal tract (upper motor neuron) descending pathway change sides

Question 39

Where in the spinal cord can you find ANS?

Answer 39

Intermediolateral cell columns: **Sympathetic:** thoracolumbar (in lateral horn, T1-L2) **Parasympathetic:** craniosacral (S1-S3)

Question 40

what part of the ANS uses norepinephrine?

Answer 40

sympathetic

Question 41

what part of the ANS use ACh?

Answer 41