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Fall 2016 > Technology-Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Technology-Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Communication is done in two broad classes called..

A

Synchronous communication and Asynchronous Communication

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2
Q

Synchronous Communication

A

Requires that both the sender and the receiver are active at the same time.

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3
Q

Asynchronous Communication

A

The sending and receiving occur at different times.

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4
Q

Broadcast Communication

A

Involves a single sender and many receivers

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5
Q

Multicast

A

Is used when there are many receivers, but the intended recipients are not the whole population.

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6
Q

Point-to-point communication

A

One specific sender and one specific receiver , internet

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7
Q

A fundamental feature of the internet is that it is..

A

Point to point communication and provides a general fabric that links all computers connected to it. Universal communications medium.

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8
Q

Client/server interaction

A

What happens when you browse the web. When the computer, the client, gets services from another computer, the server. Relationship is very short.

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9
Q

Web server

A

Yours is the client computer and the computer on which the Web page is stored is the server computer.

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10
Q

How do clients give the illusion of a continuous connection?

A

Cookies and URL Parameters

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11
Q

Cookies

A

Are small files stored on the client computer by the server, and returned to the server with each page request. The file contains enough data from the server, such as unique identifier, that it can connect you to earlier interactions.

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12
Q

URL Parameters

A

Are information added by client to a URL when it connects to the server.

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13
Q

How does the Internet transmit information such as Web pages and email messages?

A

Complex and sophisticated technologies are used to make the internet work

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14
Q

IP Address

A

-internet Protocol Address, is a sequence of four numbers separated by dots. Each computer that is connected to the internet has one, The range of each four numbers is from 0-255.

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15
Q

IP Packet

A

Computer communicates with another computer by sending an IP Packet to its IP Address.The computer being contacted and return IP Address.

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16
Q

Payload

A

What is being sent, it may be one byte or a thousand.

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17
Q

IPv4 and IPv6

A

In the 1970s they used IPv4 for the four number Byte, and then changed to IPv6 to be 16 numbers long for the IP Address.

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18
Q

Hop

A

The transition from one router to the next

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19
Q

Trace Route

A

Networking engineers record the routes packets take.

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20
Q

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

A

Sending any amount of information is possible by breaking it into a sequence of small fixed-size units. Continues to work under adverse conditions. each packet is Independent ***

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21
Q

Wide Area Networks (WANs)

A

The internet is a collection of this, meaning networks designed to send information between two locations widely separated and not directly connected.

22
Q

Local Area Network (LAN)

A

When computers are close enough to be linked by a single cable or pair of wires. Main technology for LAN. Commonly used at schools or businesses.

23
Q

Channel

A

The physical set up for an Ethernet network is a wire, wire pair, or optical fiber, that winds past a set of computers.

24
Q

Explain the difference between the Internet’s TCP/IP Protocol and Ethernet’s party protocol.

A

Internet uses point to point network to implement point to point communication. Multiple communications can take place at once over different wires.

Ethernet uses a broadcast network for point to point communication. Only one communication can take place at a time because there is just one wire. Carries less traffic.

25
Q

You can connect to the internet by

A

Connection via an Internet service provider (ISP)

Connection provided by a campus or enterprise network

26
Q

ISP

A

It works by the company giving you a modem that converts the bits a computer outputs into a form that is compatible with the carrier. They then convert into a form that is suitable for the server that connects to the internet.

27
Q

Two very common service providers:

A

DSL or ADSL- (asymmetric) Digital subscriber line

and cable

28
Q

Intranet

A

These local networks support communication within the organization, but they also connect to the Internet by a gateway.

29
Q

Wireless Networking

A

Is a variation on the LAN connection and is often referred to by its protocol name, lan connection- 802.11*****

30
Q

Router

A

physically connected to an ISP’s modem connected to the Internet and is capable of broadcasting and receiving radio frequency signals.

31
Q

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

A

How temporary addresses are assigned

32
Q

Domain Names

A

Used to refer to computers, rather than their IP addresses.

33
Q

DNS- Domain Name System

A

Is the hierarchical structure we use to name computers.

34
Q

Peers

A

Domains that are at the same level in hierarchy

35
Q

Top Level Domain Names

A

.com , edu, gov, int, mil, net, and org

in 1985 only recognized seven

36
Q

Two letter country domains

A 
uk- United Kingdom
de- Germeny
ca-Canda
es-Spain
ch-Switzerland
37
Q

Authoritative Name Server

A

is the authority, if a computer is not on the list then its not in the domain, if it is then they know the IP Address.

38
Q

Root Name Servers

A

is a name for a server for the root zone of the DNS of the internet. It directly answers requests to records in the root zone.

39
Q

Caching

A

The act of saving information for possible reuse soon

40
Q

Redundancy

A

The use of multiple copies of information-the TLD list

41
Q

What happens when someone uses a Domain name?

A

The DNS will track down the ANS, find the IP Address and begin communicating with the new machine.

42
Q

Web Servers

A

Some computers that are connected to the internet are this. They accept HTTP requests from browsers running on other computers and return files that browsers can display.

43
Q

World Wide Web (WWW)

A

Web servers and their files define this

44
Q

Difference between the WWW and the Internet

A

Internet- is all of the wires and routers connecting named computers that is hardware.
WWW- a subset of those computers (web servers) their files and their services.

45
Q

URL (universal Resource Locator) has what three main parts:

A
  • Protocol: the http://, which stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol-tells the computers how to handle the file, and File Transfer Protocol- another way to send files by using ftp
  • Server Computer’s Domain Name: Gives the name or the server in the domain hierarchy
  • Page’s Pathname: Gives the pathname saying where to find the page or other file.
46
Q

Source

A

When a web page browser receives the description (source) file, it then creates the Web page image that it displays.

47
Q

Two advantages to storing and sending the source rather than the image itself

A

A description file usually requires less information, and the browser can adapt the source image to your computer easier.

48
Q

Hyperlinks

A

Provide the point from which we can jump and return

49
Q

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

A

Describe the layout of a document, including margin width, on, and text style…

50
Q

Folder/Directory

A

Is a named collection of files or other folders or both.

51
Q

File Structure

A

Folders can contain folders, which contain folders, which contain files and other folders..this forms a directory hierarchy.

Fall 2016 (32 decks)

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