Bio- Chapter 1 Flashcards
Biology
The scientific study of life
Science
Is an approach to understanding the natural world that is based on injury- a search for information, explanations, and answers to specific questions
Discovery Science
Describing nature, Verifiable observations and measurements are the data of this.
Hypothesis-driven science
Explaining nature
Data
Recorded observations, these are items of information on which scientific inquiry is based on.
Scientific Method
This consists of a series of steps. Observation, question, hypothesis, prediction, experiment.
Hypothesis
Tentative answer to a question, a proposed explanation for a set of observations.
Theory
Is much broader in scope than a hypothesis. This is a comprehensive explanation supported by abundant evidence, and it is general enough to spin off many new testable hypotheses.
Properties of life
Order, regulation, growth and development, energy processing, response to the environment, reproduction, and evolution.
Species
Generally defined as a group of organisms that live in the same place and time and have the potential to interbreed with one another in nature to produce a healthy offspring.
Taxonomy
The branch of biology that names and classifies species, is the arrangement of species into a hierarchy of broader and broader groups.
Three domains of life
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
What do Bacteria and Archaea have in common?
They both have prokaryotic cells- that is relativity small and simple cells that lack a nucleus or other compartments bounded by internal membranes.
Eukaryotes
Organisms with eukaryotic cells- that is relatively large and complex cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-enclosed compartments, are grouped into the domain of Eukarya.
Plantae, Fungi, and Animalia are classified under
Eukarya
What is the fourth group under the domain Eukarya?
Protists
What are Protists
Single-celled, they include microscope organisms such as amoebas, and certain multicellular forms.
Plants
Produce their own sugars and other foods by photosynthesis
Fungi
Mostly decomposers, obtaining food by digesting dead organisms and organic wastes
Animals
The kingdom to which we belong, obtain food by digesting and ingesting other organisms.
What are the major themes in biology?
Evolution, structure/function, information flow, energy transformations, interconnections within systems.
Charles Drawin’s theories were…
- Descent with modification
2. natural selection
Natural selection
Unequal reproductive success is what darwin called this, it is because the environment selects only certain heritable traits from those already existing.
Artificial Selection
The purposeful breeding of domesticated plants and animals by humans.
What is the modern term of what darwin called descent with modification?
Evolution
What mechanism did darwin propose for evolution?
Natural selection
What three word phrase summarizes natural selection ?
Unequal reproductive success
Genes
Hereditary units of information consisting of specific sequences of DNA passed on from the previous generation.
Genome
The entire set of genetic information that an organism inherits.
What is the key difference between how energy and ,matter move in an ecosystem?
Energy moves through an ecosystem, whereas matter is recycled within an ecosystem.
Biosphere
Consists of all the environments on Earth that support life- including soil, oceans, lakes, and other bodies of water, and the lower atmosphere.
What is the smallest level of biological organization that can display all characteristics of life?
A cell
List in order the 10 steps of life
Biosphere, ecosystem, communities, populations, organisms, organ systems and organs, tissues, cells, organelles, and molecules and atoms.
