Bio-Chapter 7

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

is a process whereby plants, algae, and certain bacteria transform light energy into chemical energy, using carbon dioxide and water as starting materials and releasing oxygen gas as a by-product.

Question 2

Chloroplasts

Answer 2

photosynthesis in plants and algae occurs within light absorbing organelles called this

Question 3

chlorophyll

Answer 3

a pigment in the chloroplasts that plays a central role in converting solar energy to chemical energy.

Question 4

stomata

Answer 4

carbon dioxide enters a leaf, and oxygen exits, by way of tiny pores called this.

Question 5

stroma

Answer 5

the chloroplast’s inner membrane encloses a compartment filled with this, a thick fluid

Question 6

grana

Answer 6

thylakoids are concentrated on stacks called this

Question 7

thylakoids

Answer 7

suspended in the storm are interconnected membranous sacs called this

Question 8

photosynthesis takes place within organelles called___ using gases that are exchanged via pores called___

Answer 8

chloroplasts, stomata

Question 9

what molecules are the inputs of photosynthesis?what molecules are the outputs?

Answer 9

CO2 and H2O, glucose and O2

Question 10

name the two stages of photosynthesis in their proper order.

Answer 10

light reactions , calvin cycle

Question 11

light reactions

Answer 11

chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes absorbs solar energy , which is then converted to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH( and electron carrier)

Question 12

Calvin cycle

Answer 12

uses the products of the light reactions to power the production of sugar from carbon dioxide

Question 13

carbon fixation

Answer 13

the initial incorporation of carbon from CO2 into organic compounds is called this

Question 14

wavelength

Answer 14

the distance between the crests of two adjacent waves

Question 15

electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 15

the full range of radiation, from the very short wavelengths of gamma rays to the very long wavelengths of radio signals

Question 16

chlorophyll a

Answer 16

the pigment that participates directly in the light reactions, absorbs mainly blue-violet and red light

Question 17

what is the specific name of the pigment that absorbs energy during the light reactions?

Answer 17

chlorophyll a

Question 18

photon

Answer 18

is a fixed quantity of light energy

Question 19

photosystem

Answer 19

has a cluster of a few hundred pigment molecules , including chlorophylls a and b and some carotenoids.

Question 20

what is the role of a reaction center during photosynthesis?

Answer 20

a reaction center transfers a light-excited photon from pigment molecules to molecules that can use this trapped energy to drive chemical reactions

Question 21

what is the function of NADPH in the calvin cycle

Answer 21

it provides the high energy electrons that are added to CO2 to form G3P

Question 22

why is water required as a reactant in photosynthesis

Answer 22

the splitting of water provides electrons for converting NAD+ to NADPH

Question 23

in addition to conveying electrons between photosystems, the electron transport chains of chloroplasts provide the energy for the synthesis of ___

Answer 23

ATP