TCA Cycle

Question 1

What groups do malonic acid etc. have?

Answer 1

2 COOH

Question 2

How is pyruvate used to make glucose?

Answer 2

Pyruvate carboxylase converts it to oxaloacetate which PEP carboxykinase converts to phosphoenol pyruvate which becomes glucose

Question 3

How does pyruvate make acetyl coenzyme A?

Answer 3

Pyruvate + coenzyme A + NAD + pyruvate dehydrogenase = acetyl CoA + CO2 + NADH + H

Question 4

What can be used to form acetyl CoA?

Answer 4

COOH + CoA

Question 5

How acetyl CoA get into the mitochondria?

Answer 5

Carnitine palmitoyl moves fatty acyl coA in and its then converted to acetyl coA and RCO carnitine

Question 6

What happens when an AA is deaminated?

Answer 6

Forms keto acids

Question 7

What does ketogenic and glucogenic mean? Give some examples

Answer 7

Keto means they will form acetyl CoA e.g. leucine & lysine and gluco means it will form pyruvate e.g. all of them

Question 8

Describe the TCA cycle

Answer 8

Oxloacetate has an acetyl coA added to from citrate
Citrate forms isocitrate using aconitase
Isocitrate forms ketoglutarate by releasing a CO2
Ketoglutarate forms succinyl CoA by releasing a CO2 and forming NADH2
Succinyl CoA forms succinate and releases CoA and GTP
Succinate forms fumarate and makes an FADH2
Fumerate makes maltate by adding a water
Maltate forms oxaloacetate by forming NADH2

Question 9

What can keotglutarate become?

Answer 9

Glutamate

Question 10

What can succinyl coA form?

Answer 10

Heam

Question 11

What does oxaloacetate form?

Answer 11

Aspartate