Stomach Ulcers Flashcards
What is the role of prostaglandins?
Decrease HCl secretion and stimulate mucus cells to secrete more mucus with HCO3 in it
Which cell releases pepsinogen and what is the role of this hormone?
Chief cells
To be converted to pepsin when in an acidic environment which then digests proteins
What causes HCl secretion?
Histamine
Acetylcholine
Gastrin
How does histamine increase HCl secretion?
Causes cAMP levels to rise which phosphorylise other proteins
What causes the release of histimine?
Gastrin and acetylcholine
How does acetylcholine and gastrin cause an increase in HCl secretion?
Calcium levels increasing the activity of H/K/ATPase pump
What may cause an ulcer?
Cancer may lead to gastrin release so too much HCl is made
Aspirin
Why may a stomach ulcer lead to diarrhoea?
Lipase gets inhibited as there is too much acid and so the fat acts as a laxative
Why may smoking healing?
There is not enough blood flow to the stomach
What do sucralfates do? (3)
Buffers by making more HCO3 mucus
Kills bacteria
Binds to HCl
What do bismuthchelates do? (3)
Coats the ulcer so it can heal
Kills bacteria
Makes more HCO3 mucus
How does H pylori buffer acid?
Secrete urease which converts urea to HCO3 and CO2
