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OAT Biology > Taxonomy > Flashcards

Taxonomy Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

3 Domains

A

Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

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2
Q

Six Kingdoms

A

Archaea, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

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3
Q

Phyla

A

Divisions in kingdoms

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4
Q

Classes

A

Division of Phyla

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5
Q

Monerans

A

Prokaryotic Kingdom

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6
Q

Eubacteria

A

Bacteria, single-celled, cell walls, biogeochemical cycles, classified by morphological appearance

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7
Q

Cyanobacteria

A

Bacteria of fresh water, photosynthetic pigments, extreme temperatures, Protista

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8
Q

Archaea

A

Prokaryotes, different cell membrane composition, different metabolism, extremophiles

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9
Q

Protista Kingdom

A

Primitive eukaryotes that cannot be classified as plants or animals, protozoa/algae

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10
Q

Protozoa

A

Single-celled heterotrophs, rhizopods (amoebas), ciliophors

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11
Q

Algae

A

Photosynthetic, phytoplankton, kelp

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12
Q

Slime Molds

A

Coenocytic mass of protoplasm (Protista)

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13
Q

Fungi

A

Nonphotosynthetic plants, chitin, eukaryotes, and heterotrophs, may be saprophytic (decomposers), sporulation, mushrooms, yeast, lichens

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14
Q

Plantae

A

Nonmotile photosynthetic, autotrophs, chloroplasts, specialized roots, rhizoids, vascular tissue, cuticles, stomata

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15
Q

Bryophytes

A

Simple plants with few specialized organs/tissue that lack xylem and alternate generations (mosses, liverworts)

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16
Q

Gametophyte

A

Dominant generation, main plant and is larger and more nutritionally independent

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17
Q

Sporophyte

A

Smaller and shorter-lived, growing of the gametophyte from the archegonium

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18
Q

Tracheophytes

A

Vascular plants, cell differentiation, vascular tissue (xylem-water, phloem-food), radial symmetry, anchored by deep roots, extensive woody system, turgid, dominant sporophyte generation,

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19
Q

Non-seed-bearing

A

Pteriodphyta and Lycophyta

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20
Q

Pteriodphyta

A

Ferns, rhizome stems, large leaves, vascular bundles, tracheid cells, no seeds

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21
Q

Lycophytes

A

Club mosses, rooted, nonwoody, microphyll leaves

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22
Q

Angiosperms

A

Covered seeds, flowering, microspores (male), megaspores (female), germination, embryo development, fruit

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23
Q

Dicotyledons

A

Angiosperms with net-veined leaves, vascular bundles, two cotyledons (seed leaves), woody, flowers (Maple trees)

24
Q

Monocotyledons

A

Angiosperms that contain leaves with parallel veins, scattered bundles, single cotyledons, nonwoody (grass, rice, wheat)

25
Q

Gymnosperms

A

Naked seed plants, pollen tube, secondary xylem, evergreens, non-deciduous

26
Q

Conifers

A

Pines, spruce, firs, cones (megaspores/microspores)

27
Q

Cycadophyta (cycads)

A

stout, cylindrical trees with feather-like leaves

28
Q

Gnetophyta (gnetophytes)

A

vine-like

29
Q

Animalia

A

multicellular, motile, heterotrophic, differentiated tissues

30
Q

Simple animalia

A

Sponges, coelenterates, flatworms

31
Q

Bilateral Symmetry

A

Mirrored sides

32
Q

Radial Symmetry

A

Echinoderms/cnidarians, arranged around central axis

33
Q

Porifera

A

Sponges, two layers of cells, sessile

34
Q

Cnidaria

A

Digestive sac, ecto/endoderm, tentacles, stinging, nerve nets (jellyfish, coral)

35
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

Flatworms, bilateral symmetry, three germ layers, no circulatory system

36
Q

Nematoda

A

Roundworms, long digestive tubes, lack circulatory (Hookworms)

37
Q

Annelida

A

Segmented worms, coelom (body cavity), well-defined systems (Earthworms)

38
Q

Mollusca

A

Soft-bodied, exoskeletons, gills, chambered heart (clams, snails)

39
Q

Arthropoda

A

Jointed appendages, exoskeleton, open circulatory system (insects, arachnids, crustaceans)

40
Q

Insects

A

Spiracles and tracheal tubes, three pairs of legs

41
Q

Arachnids

A

Four pairs of legs, book lungs (spiders, scorpions)

42
Q

Crustaceans

A

Segmented bodies, gills (lobsters, shrimp)

43
Q

Echinodermata

A

Spiny, radial, water-vascular, regeneration (starfish/sea urchin)

44
Q

Chordata

A

Stiff dorsal rod (notochord), paired gill slits, tail extending

45
Q

Vertebrata

A

Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Fish, and Mammals

46
Q

Agnatha

A

Jawless fish, retain notochord, cartilaginous (Hagfish)

47
Q

Chondrichthyes

A

Jawed fish (Shark)

48
Q

Osteichthyes

A

Bony Fish, scales, no adult notochord, (trout, tuna)

49
Q

Amphibia

A

Larval stage, gills, no legs, three-chambered heart, no scales (Frog)

50
Q

Reptilia

A

Lungs, lay eggs, internal fertilization, cold-blooded (poikilothermic), three-chambered heart (lizard)

51
Q

Aves

A

Four-chambered heart, warm-blooded (homoeothermic), eggs (Birds)

52
Q

Mammalia

A

Warm-blooded, mammary glands, hair

53
Q

Monotremata

A

Lay eggs, horny bills, produce milk (Platypus)

54
Q

Marsupialia

A

Pouched mammals

55
Q

Placentalia

A

Placental mammals, uterus

OAT Biology (18 decks)

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