Cell Division

Question 1

Interphase

Answer 1

Period of cell growth and chromosome replication, 90% of life

Question 2

Sister Chromatids

Answer 2

Two identical parts of the chromosome

Question 3

Centromere

Answer 3

Holds together sister chromatids

Question 4

Chromatin

Answer 4

Coiled DNA, chromosomes not visible during interphase

Question 5

G1

Answer 5

Phase initiates interphase, active growth phase, cell increases in size and synthesizes proteins

Question 6

S

Answer 6

DNA synthesis

Question 7

G2

Answer 7

Cell prepares to divide, grows and synthesizes proteins

Question 8

M Phase

Answer 8

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 9

Mitosis

Answer 9

Division, karyokinesis (nuclear division), cell division (cytokinesis)

Question 10

Prophase

Answer 10

Chromatin condenses, clearly defined chromosomes, nuclear membrane dissolves, centriole pairs separate and move

Question 11

Metaphase

Answer 11

Centrioles are located at opposite poles, spindle fibers radiate out and attach at the kinetochore, metaphase plate

Question 12

Anaphase

Answer 12

Separation of sister chromatids, centromeres split, sister chromatids are pulled toward the opposite poles, shortening of the spindle fibers

Question 13

Telophase

Answer 13

The spindle apparatus disappears, nuclear membrane forms, diploid number remains, chromosomes uncoil

Question 14

Cytokinesis

Answer 14

Cleavage furrow forms, indents along the equator, cell plates in plants,

Question 15

Meiosis

Answer 15

Sexual reproduction, production of haploid cells

Question 16

Ploidy

Answer 16

Amount of chromosomes in a homologous set (humans are diploid)

Question 17

Prophase 1

Answer 17

Chromatin condenses, spindle apparatus forms, nuclear membrane disappears, and crossing over occurs to create recombinant chromosomes (synapsis -> tetrad -> chiasmata)

Question 18

Metaphase 1

Answer 18

Homologous pairs (tetrad) align at the equatorial plane and spindle fibers attach

Question 19

Anaphase 1

Answer 19

Homologous pairs separate and are pulled to opposite poles, disjunction occurs

Question 20

Telophase 1

Answer 20

Nuclear membrane forms, forming two haploid cells, intermediate daughter cells

Question 21

Prophase II

Answer 21

Nuclear envelope dissolves, nucleoli disappears, spindle apparatus forms

Question 22

Metaphase II

Answer 22

Chromosomes line up

Question 23

Anaphase II

Answer 23

Sister chromatids are separated

Question 24

Telophase II

Answer 24

Nuclear membrane forms, cytokinesis follows, four haploid daughter cells are formed in total,