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OAT Biology > Developmental Biology > Flashcards

Developmental Biology Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cleavage

A

Series of rapid mitotic divisions, increasing nuclei to cytoplasm, increases surface-area-to-volume ratio for improved exchange

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2
Q

Morula

A

Solid ball of embryonic cells

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3
Q

Blastulation

A

Morula develops a fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel

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4
Q

Blastula

A

Hollow sphere of cells

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5
Q

Trophoblast

A

Outer layer of the blastula, role in the implantation of the blastula in the uterus

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6
Q

Ectopic Pregnancy

A

Embryo implants outside the uterus

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7
Q

Amnion

A

Thin, tough membrane containing a watery fluid called the amniotic fluid, shock absorber

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8
Q

Chorion

A

Membrane that completely surrounds the amnion, assists with the transfer of nutrients

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9
Q

Allantois

A

Third membrane, develops as an outpocketing of the gut

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10
Q

Yolk Sac

A

Site of early development of blood vessels, associated with the umbilical vessels

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11
Q

Ectoderm

A

Integumentary system, lens, retina, nervous system

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12
Q

Mesoderm

A

Musculoskeletal, circulatory, excretory, connective tissue

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13
Q

Endoderm

A

Epithelial lining of the digestive and respiratory tract, bladder lining

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14
Q

Neurulation

A

Germ layer develops into a rudimentary nervous system

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15
Q

Neural Tube

A

Gives rise to the brain and spinal cord

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16
Q

Neural Crest Cells

A

Cells at the top of each neural fold, cells migrate and give rise to the peripheral nervous system

17
Q

Spina Bifida

A

Neural tube does not close properly

18
Q

Organogenesis

A

The body organs begin to form, cells differentiate and migrate

19
Q

Gametogenesis

A

Eggs/Sperm develop

20
Q

Teratogens

A

Drugs, alcohol, tobacco

21
Q

Vertical Transmission

A

Mother passes an infection directly to the developing offspring

22
Q

Angiosperm Fertilation

A

Double Fertilization, One sperm fertilizes and one sperm forms the endosperm

23
Q

Sporophyte

A

Produces haploid spores via meiosis

24
Q

Gametophyte

A

Produces gametes via mitosis

25
Q

Epicotyl

A

Precursor of the upper stem and leaves

26
Q

Cotyledon

A

Seed leaves, dicots have two seed leaves

27
Q

Hypocotyl

A

The lower stem and root

28
Q

Endosperm

A

Feeds the embryo in angiosperms

29
Q

Seed Coat

A

The outer covering of the ovule

30
Q

Germination

A

Seeed sprouting into a seedling

31
Q

Meristem Cells

A

Growth in higher plants, undifferentiated

32
Q

Apical Meristem

A

Tips of roots/stems, growth in length

33
Q

Lateral Meristem

A

Between the xylem and phloem, permits growth in diameter

OAT Biology (18 decks)

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