Taste, Olfaction, Hearing & Equilibrium! Flashcards
The chemical sense of gustation corresponds to?
Taste
The chemical sense of olfaction corresponds to?
Smell
The chemoreceptors of the chemical senses respond to chemicals in aqueous solution. What substance does taste dissolve in?
To substances dissolved in saliva
The chemoreceptors of the chemical senses respond to chemicals in aqueous solution. What substance does smell dissolve in?
To substances dissolved in fluids of the nasal
membranes
How many taste buds are found on the tongue?
10,000+
Where are taste buds found on the tongue?
Taste buds are found in papillae of the tongue mucosa
What are the three types of papillae?
- Filiform
- Fungiform
- Circumvallate
Which paillae contain taste buds?
- Fungiform papillae
- Circumvallate papillae
Identify the taste bud
Circumvallate papilla
Identify the bud
Fungiform papillae
Identify Parts of the Taste Bud
Gustarory Hair
Identify Parts of the Taste Bud
Taste Pore
Identify Parts of the Taste Bud
Gustatory Receptor Cell
What are the five basic taste sensations?
- Sweet
- Salt
- Sour
- Bitter
- Umami (savory)
What correlates with sweet?
Sugars, saccharin, alcohol, and some amino acids
What correlates with salt?
Metal ions
What correlates to sour?
Hydrogen ions
What correlates to bitter?
Alkaloids such as quinine and nicotine
What correlates to umami (savory)?
Elicited by the amino acid glutamate
What are the influences of other sensations on taste?
- Thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, nociceptors also influence taste
- Temperature and texture enhance or detract from taste
What is the organ of smell?
The organ of smell is the olfactory epithelium
Where is the organ of smell located?
The olfactory epithelium covers the superior nasal concha
What are olfactory receptor cells?
Bipolar neurons with radiating olfactory cilia
What surrounds/cushions olfactory receptor cells?
Supporting cells
What are the three parts of the ear?
- Inner ear
- Middle ear
- Outer ear
What parts of the ear of involved with hearing?
Outer and middle ear
What is the function(s) of the inner ear?
Hearing & equilibrium
Characteristics of the receptors for hearing and balance
- Respond to separate stimuli
- Are activated independently
The auricle (pinna) is composed of?
The lobule (earlobe)
Characteristics of the external auditory canal
- Short
- Curved tube
- Filled with ceruminous glands