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Anatomy & Physiology Series > Taste, Olfaction, Hearing & Equilibrium! > Flashcards

Taste, Olfaction, Hearing & Equilibrium! Flashcards

1
Q

The chemical sense of gustation corresponds to?

A

Taste

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2
Q

The chemical sense of olfaction corresponds to?

A

Smell

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3
Q

The chemoreceptors of the chemical senses respond to chemicals in aqueous solution. What substance does taste dissolve in?

A

To substances dissolved in saliva

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4
Q

The chemoreceptors of the chemical senses respond to chemicals in aqueous solution. What substance does smell dissolve in?

A

To substances dissolved in fluids of the nasal

membranes

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5
Q

How many taste buds are found on the tongue?

A

10,000+

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6
Q

Where are taste buds found on the tongue?

A

Taste buds are found in papillae of the tongue mucosa

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7
Q

What are the three types of papillae?

A
  1. Filiform
  2. Fungiform
  3. Circumvallate
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8
Q

Which paillae contain taste buds?

A
  1. Fungiform papillae
  2. Circumvallate papillae
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9
Q

Identify the taste bud

A

Circumvallate papilla

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10
Q

Identify the bud

A

Fungiform papillae

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11
Q

Identify Parts of the Taste Bud

A

Gustarory Hair

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12
Q

Identify Parts of the Taste Bud

A

Taste Pore

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13
Q

Identify Parts of the Taste Bud

A

Gustatory Receptor Cell

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14
Q

What are the five basic taste sensations?

A
  1. Sweet
  2. Salt
  3. Sour
  4. Bitter
  5. Umami (savory)
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15
Q

What correlates with sweet?

A

Sugars, saccharin, alcohol, and some amino acids

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16
Q

What correlates with salt?

A

Metal ions

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17
Q

What correlates to sour?

A

Hydrogen ions

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18
Q

What correlates to bitter?

A

Alkaloids such as quinine and nicotine

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19
Q

What correlates to umami (savory)?

A

Elicited by the amino acid glutamate

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20
Q

What are the influences of other sensations on taste?

A
  • Thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, nociceptors also influence taste
  • Temperature and texture enhance or detract from taste
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21
Q

What is the organ of smell?

A

The organ of smell is the olfactory epithelium

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22
Q

Where is the organ of smell located?

A

The olfactory epithelium covers the superior nasal concha

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23
Q

What are olfactory receptor cells?

A

Bipolar neurons with radiating olfactory cilia

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24
Q

What surrounds/cushions olfactory receptor cells?

A

Supporting cells

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25
Q

What are the three parts of the ear?

A
  1. Inner ear
  2. Middle ear
  3. Outer ear
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26
Q

What parts of the ear of involved with hearing?

A

Outer and middle ear

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27
Q

What is the function(s) of the inner ear?

A

Hearing & equilibrium

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28
Q

Characteristics of the receptors for hearing and balance

A
  • Respond to separate stimuli
  • Are activated independently
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29
Q

The auricle (pinna) is composed of?

A

The lobule (earlobe)

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30
Q

Characteristics of the external auditory canal

A
  • Short
  • Curved tube
  • Filled with ceruminous glands
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31
Q

Characteristics of the typmanic membrane

A
  • Known as the eardrum
  • Thin connective tissue membrane that vibrates in response to sound
  • Transfers sound energy to the middle ear ossicles
  • Boundary between the outer and middle ears
32
Q

Characterisitcs of the Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

A
  • A small, air-filled, mucosa-line cavity
    • Flanked laterally by the eardrum
    • Flanked medially by the oval and round windows
33
Q

Characteristics of the Eustachian tube

A
  • Also known as the auditory tube
  • Connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx
34
Q

Function of the Eustachian tube

A

Equalizes pressure in the middle ear cavity with the external air pressure

35
Q
A

Olfactory Bulb

36
Q
A

Olfactory Tract

37
Q
A

Olfactory Gland

38
Q
A

Olfactory Epithelium

39
Q
A

Filaments of Olfactory Nerve

40
Q
A

Olfactory Cilia

41
Q
A

The Outer (External) Ear

42
Q
A

Inner (internal) ear labryinth

43
Q
A

The Middle Ear

44
Q

Name the Structure

A

Tympanic membrane or eardrum

45
Q

Name the structure

A

Ear ossicle the malleus

46
Q

Name the structure

A

Ear ossicle incus

47
Q

Name the structure

A

Ear ossicle the stapes

48
Q

Name the structure

A

The cochlea

49
Q
A

The semi-circular canals

50
Q

Name the structure

A

The lobule

51
Q
52
Q

Name the structure

A

Auricle (pinna)

53
Q

Name the structure

A

The external auditory canal

54
Q

Name the structure

A

Eustachian tube or pharynotympanic tube

55
Q

Name the Structure

A

Semi-circular canals

56
Q

Name the structure

A

The vestibule

57
Q

Name the structure

A

The vestibular nerve of cranial nerve VIII

58
Q
A

The cochlear nerve of cranial nerve VIII

59
Q

Name the structure

60
Q

Name the structure

A

Pharyngotympanic or Eustachian tube

61
Q

Name the structure

A

Round window

62
Q

Name the structure

A

Oval window (deep to stapes)

63
Q

Name the structure

A

Entrance to mastoid antrum in the epitympanic recess

64
Q

Name the structure

A

External auditory canal

65
Q

Name the structure

A

Tympanic membrane (ear drum)

66
Q

Name the structure

A

Ossicle malleus

67
Q

Name the structure

A

Ossicles incus

68
Q

Name the structure

A

Ossicles stapes

69
Q

Name the structure

70
Q

Name the structure

71
Q

Name the structure

72
Q

Name the structure

A

Epitympanic recess

73
Q

Name the structure

A

Tympanic membrane (ear drum)

74
Q

Name the structure

A

Stapedius muscle

75
Q

Name the structure

A

Tensor tympani muslce

76
Q

Name the structure

A

Pharyngotympanic (Eustachian) tube

Anatomy & Physiology Series (39 decks)

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