Body Systems Overview Flashcards
What are the body systems?
- Endocrine
- Integumentary
- Respiratory
- Nervous
- Excretory = urinary
- Reproductive
- Lymphatic
- Digestive
- Circulatory
- Muscular
- Skeletal
- Immune
Organs in the endorcrine system.
- Hypothalamus gland
- Pituitary gland
- Thyroid gland
- Parathyroid glands
- Adrenal gland
- Pineal body
- Pancreas
- Reproductive organs
- Ovaries (females)
- Testes (males)
Organs in integumentary system?
- Skin
- Hair
- Nails
- Exocrine glands
Organs in respiratory system
- Nose
- Lungs
- Diaphragm
- Nose
- Mouth
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Aveaoli sacs
Organs in the nervous system
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Nerves
- Sensory organs
Organs in the excretory (urinary) system
- Kidneys
- Bladder
- Urethra
- Ureters
- Sphincter muscles
Organs in the reproductive system
- Females
- Vagina
- Uterus
- Fallopian tubes
- Ovaries
- Males
- Scrotum
- Testes
- Penis
- Spermatic ducts
Organs in the lympatic system
- Lymphatic capillaries
- Lymph nodes
- Lymph ducts
- Lymph vessels
- Spleen
Organs in digestive system
- Mouth
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestine
- Large intestine (colon)
- Rectum
- Anus
- Accessory organs
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Gallbladder
Organs in circulary system
- Veins
- Arteries
- Capillaries
- Heart
- Lungs
Organs in muscular system
- Smooth
- Ex: muscles in GI tract
- Cardiac
- Heart
- Skeletal
- Ex: biceps, pectoralis major
Organs in skeletal system
- Bones:
- Femur
- Skull
- Tibia
- Etc.
Organs in immune system
- Thymus
- Tonsils
- Bone marrow
- Spleen
- Lymph vessels
- Lymph nodes
- Adenoids
- Liver
What makes a person alive?
Living things all…
- Grow
- Reproduce
- Homestasis
- Respond to stimuli
- Cellular organization
- Breath
- Metabolize energy
- Transport substances
- Protect selves
- Excrete wastes
Function of endocrine system
Produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.
Function of integumentary system
Act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world, protect against diseass, retain body fluids, eliminate waste products, regulate body temperature, and vitamin D synthesis.
Function of respiratory system
Taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxoide.
Function of nervous system
Control of the body and communication among the body parts.
Function of the excretory (urinary) system
- To remove waste from the blood in the form of urine
- Keep a salt balance in the blood
Function of the reproductive system
- Female
- Produce egg cells
- Protect and nourish the offspring until birth
- Male
- Produce and deposit sperm
Function of lymphatic system
- Removal of interstitial fluid from tissues
- Transports fatty acids from the digestive system
- Transports white blood cells to and from the lymph nodes into the bones
Function of the digestive system
Converting food into nutrients for the body
Function of circulatory system
- Delivery of oxygen, nutrient molecules, and hormones in the body
- Removal of carbon dioxide, ammonia, and other metabolic wastes
- *Capillaries are the points of exchange between the blood and surrounding tissues
Function of the muscular system
- Movement
- Maintenance of posture and body position
Function of skeletal system
- Support
- Movement
- Protection
- Blood cell formation
- Calcium storage
- Endocrine regulation
Function of immune system
- Protect the body from organisms and substances that invade the body and cause disease
What are the components of a homeostatic mechanism?
Feedback loop
-
Receptor
- Is a structure that senses a change in the body
- Detects the change
-
Controller
- Integrating center
- A mechanism that processes information, relates it to other infomration, and “makes a decision” about the appropriate response
- Decides, interprets, commands
-
Effector
- Is the cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action
- Responds and carries out
Purpose of the negative feedback loop
To return back to the original state
Purpose of the postive feedback loop
To move away from the original state
Example of negative feedback loop
- Body temperature drops so the muscles start to shiver to increase body temperature
- Body temperature increases so the skin produces sweat to cool down the body
Example of positive feedback loop
- Labor; the baby pushes on the uterus so the uterus contracts which causes the baby to push on the uterus more and more, until the baby cames out
