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Anatomy & Physiology Series > Endocrine (FINAL) > Flashcards

Endocrine (FINAL) Flashcards

1
Q

Growth Hormone (GH)

A
  • Source: Anterior pituitary
  • Target: Bones & muscles
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: makes you grow
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2
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

A
  • Source: Anterior pituitary
  • Target: Thyroid
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases activity of thyroid (stimulates the thyroid)
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3
Q

Adreno-corticotropic (ACTH)

A
  • Source: Anterior pituitary
  • Target: Adrenal cortex
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases the activity of the adrenal gland
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4
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A
  • Source: Anterior pituitary
  • Target: Mammary glands
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases milk production/ lactation
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5
Q

Luteinizing (LH)

A
  • Source: Anterior pituitary
  • Target: Gonads (ovaries, testes)
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases activity in gonads = increases ovulation
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6
Q

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A
  • Source: Anterior pituitary
  • Target: Gonads
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases activity in gonads = increases egg & increases sperm
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7
Q

Anti-Diuretic (ADH)

A
  • Source: Hypothalamus
  • Target: Kidneys
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: “stop peeing” = retain H2O
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8
Q

Oxytocin (OT)

A
  • Source: Hypothalamus
  • Target: Mammary glands & uterus
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases contractions
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9
Q

Thyroid (T3 & T4)

A

Source: Thyroid

Target: All over

Type: NSA

Action: Increases metabolism = increases ATP use (body metabolism)

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10
Q

Calcitonin

A
  • Source: Thyroid
  • Target: Osteoblasts
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Makes bones
    • Increase bone = decrease in blood calcium
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11
Q

Parathyroid (PTH)

A
  • Source: Parathyroid
  • Target: Osteoclasts
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Breaks bones
    • Decrease in bones = increase in blood calcium
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12
Q

Mineral corticoids = “aldosterone”

A
  • Source: Adrenal cortex
  • Target: Kidney
  • Type: Steroids
  • Action: Salt retension in the blood
    • Increase in Na = decrease in K
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13
Q

Gluco-corticoids = “cortisone”

A
  • Source: Adrenal cortex
  • Target: All over
  • Type: Steroid
  • Action: Increases blood glucose when under stress (sympathetic NS)
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14
Q

Sex hormones = “testosterone” & “progresterone”

A
  • Source: Adrenal cortex & gonads
  • Target: All over
  • Type: Steroid
  • Action: Makes you sexy
    • Primary & secondary sex characteristics
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15
Q

Epinephrine/nonepinephrine = “adrenaline”

A
  • Source: Adrenal medulla
  • Target: All over
  • Type: NSA
  • Action: “Fight or flight”
    • Sympathetic response
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16
Q

Insulin

A
  • Source: Pancreas (beta cells)
  • Target: All over & especially the liver
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Lowers blood sugar (glucose) = increases sugar (glucose) use
17
Q

Glucagon

A
  • Source: Pancreas (alpha cells)
  • Target: All over & especially the liver
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increase blood sugar (glucose) = decreases sugar (glucose) use
18
Q

Melantonin

A
  • Source: Pineal gland
  • Target: Brain
  • Type: NSA
  • Action: Circadian rhythms
19
Q

Atrial Naturetic Peptide (ANP)

A
  • Source: Heart
  • Target: Kindey
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: decrease Na = increase K in the blood
20
Q

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A
  • Source: Liver & kidneys
  • Target: Bone marrow
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increases red blood cells (RBCs)
21
Q

Thymosin

A
  • Source: Thymus
  • Target: Bone marrow
  • Type: NSP
  • Action: Increase T cell function
22
Q

Which hormones are steroidal?

A
  1. Aldosterone
  2. Cortisone
  3. Testerone
23
Q

Which hormones have a direct antagonist?

A
  1. Calcitonin + PTH
  2. Insulin + Glucagon
  3. ANP + Aldosterone
24
Q

What are tropic hormones?

A

Tropic hormones goes from one endocrine gland to another endocrine gland & are all made by the anterior pituitary gland

25
Q

Where do tropic hormones come from?

A

The anterior pituitary gland

26
Q

What are the tropic hormones?

A
  1. TSH
  2. ACTH
  3. LH
  4. FSH
27
Q

What are releasing hormones (RH)?

A

Releasing hormones (RH) cause the release or activation of tropic hormones

28
Q

Examples of releasing hormones (RH)?

A
  1. TRH = activates TSH
  2. CRN = activates ACTH
  3. GnRH (gonads) = acitvates LH & FSH
29
Q

What does it mean when a disorder is classified as primary (1o)?

A
  • The organ does not work
  • “The worker is NOT working”
30
Q

What does it mean when a disorder is classified as secondary (20)?

A
  • “Managment is NOT working”
  • The wrong orders are given to the organ

Anatomy & Physiology Series (39 decks)

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