Synovial Joints

Question 0

What is the functional category of a synovial joint?

Answer 0

Diathroses

Question 1

What is a synovial joint?

Answer 1

When a joint contains a synovial cavity to allow considerable movement

Question 2

What is the fibrous capsule of the synovial joint?

Answer 2

The outer strong ligamentous attachment which is dense irregular connective tissue and is continuous with the periosteum

Question 3

What is the Synovium?

Answer 3

The layer before the fibrous capsule which is the synovial membrane that secretes the synovial fluid - it lines the joint cavity except over the articular surface and the articular fibrocartilage disc

Question 4

What cartilage is destroyed in arthritis?

Answer 4

The fibrocartilage between the articular cartilage

Question 5

What is a bursa?

Answer 5

When the synovial membrane extends to either protect the tendons or just for extra cushioning

Question 6

What are examples of when bursa’s form?

Answer 6

The knee and the shoulder

Question 7

What is different about the fibrocartilage disc of the knee and the wrist?

Answer 7

It is called the menicus because it has a hole in the middle and its edge is attached to the joint capsule

Question 8

What are the 3 movements of the synovial joints?

Answer 8

1. Uniaxial
2. Biaxial
3. multiaxial

Question 9

What are the 6 kinds of synovial joint?

Answer 9

1. Plane Joint
2. Saddle Joint
3. Hinge Joint
4. Pivot joint
5. Ellipsoid joint
6. Ball in socket joint

Question 10

Describe the plane joint:

Answer 10

Two flat surfaces gliding and sliding
Always uniaxial
Limited by ligament and bone

Question 11

What is an example of a plane joint?

Answer 11

• The acromioclavicular joint between the scapula and the clavicle
• The joints between vertebrae

Question 12

What is a saddle joint?

Answer 12

Two saddle shaped articulating surfaces at right angles to each other one is concave the other convex
Biaxial

Question 13

What is an example of a saddle joint?

Answer 13

The carpalmetacarpal joint in the thumb

Question 14

What is the hinge joint?

Answer 14

one bone is concave and the other is cylindrical convex
uniaxial
the shape of the articulating surface stops hyper extension and ligaments provide support

Question 15

What is an example of a hinge joint?

Answer 15

The joint between the humerus ulna and radius

The joint at the knee between the tibia femur

Question 16

What is a pivot joint?

Answer 16

Uniaxial
A cylindrical bone that rotates in a ring of bone and ligament
Rotates longitudinal

Question 17

What is an example of a pivot joint?

Answer 17

The Atlanto-axial joint of the atlas and axis (C1 and C2 vertebrae) and the proximal radioulnar and distal radioulnar

Question 18

What is an ellipsoid joint?

Answer 18

Like ball in socket except ellipsoid in shape
One bone has an articulating surface and the other has a complementary shallow sphere
Biaxial or uniaxial

Question 19

What is an example of a biaxial ellipsoid joint?

Answer 19

The antlanto-occipital between the C1 and the occipital bone of the skull

Question 20

What is an example of a multiaxial ellipsoid joint?

Answer 20

The joint in the wrist called the radiocarpal between the radius and the carpal bones

Question 21

What is a ball in socket joint?

Answer 21

Multiaxial
ball fits in socket
unstable and easy to dislocate

Question 22

What is an example of a ball and socket joint?

Answer 22

The coxal (hip) and the glenohumeral (shoulder)

Question 23

What are the limitations of the synovial joints?

Answer 23

Movement limited by tension of joint capsule and the shape and extent of articulating surfaces