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MSK > Swellings > Flashcards

Swellings Flashcards

1
Q

What questions are important to ask?

A 
Onset
Pain
Size - fluctuating?
Systemically unwell?
Any other swellings?
Functional changes?
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2
Q

What are you looking for on examination?

A 
Site
size
shape
definition
surface texture
mobility
transluminable
lymphadenopathy
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3
Q

What is cellulitis and how does it present?

A

Inflammation and infection of soft tissues.

Generalised swelling, pain and erythema

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4
Q

What organisms cause cellulitis?

A

Staph

Strep A

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5
Q

What is the management of cellulitis?

A

Generally flucloxacillin if staph causation

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6
Q

What is an abscess and how does it present?

A

Discreet collection of pus.

Defined and fluctuation swelling with pain

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7
Q

How is an abscess managed?

A

Drainage

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8
Q

Why is septic arthritis an orthopaedic emergency?

A

Causes irreversible damage to the hyaline articular cartilage

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9
Q

How does septic arthritis present?

A

Reduced ROM
Systemically unwell
Raised WCC and inflam markers

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10
Q

How is septic arthritis managed?

A

Aspiration
???MC and S
Washout and debridement

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11
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

Outpouching of the synovium lining of joints, filled with synovial fluid

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12
Q

What do ganglia look like and where are they found?

A

Discreet, round, mobile.

Mostly around wrists, feet and knees

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13
Q

What is a bakers cyst and what condition is it associated with?

A

Ganglion at the popliteal fossa

Associated with OA

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14
Q

What is bursitis?

A

Inflammation of the bursa of the joints

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15
Q

What is the danger with bursitis?

A

Can become secondarily infected and form an abscess

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16
Q

What is the management of bursitis?

A

NSAIDs
Antibiotics
Incision and drainage

17
Q

What can be seen on aspirate if diagnosis is gout?

A

Negatively birefringent monosodium urate crystals

18
Q

What is the treatment of gout?

A

NSAIDs
Steroids
Allopurinol

19
Q

Where are Heberden’s nodes?

A

DIP

20
Q

Where are Bouchard’s nodes?

A

PIP

21
Q

When are Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes excised?

A

Only if problematic

22
Q

Of Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes which is not seen i RA?

A

Heberden’s

23
Q

What collagen is involved in Duputyren’s contracture?

A

Type III

24
Q

What is myositis ossificans?

A

Calcification of a muscle haematoma

MSK (30 decks)

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