Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK > Fractures > Flashcards

Fractures Flashcards

1
Q

If trauma is suspected how many views on x-ray should be requested?

A

At least 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What additional view is required if an upper cervical spine injury is suspected?

A

Odontoid peg.

Patient opens mouth to see C1+C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many views are required for a ?scaphoid fracture?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who is more likely to have a scaphoid fracture?

A

Young males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do fractures look black on x-ray?

A

Intra-cortical space fills with haematoma which is a soft tissue and shows up black

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the five different types of fracture?

A 
Oblique
Transverse
Spiral
Comminution
Longtitudinal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What other factors need to be commented upon on reading an xray?

A

?joint involvement
?angulation
?displacement
?impaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are sesamoid bones?

A

Extra-articular
Common in hands and feet.
Small bones, found with tendons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common type of glenohumeral dislocation?

A

Anterior dislocation (95%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How would you tell if the radio-capitellar joint was displaced?

A

Draw a line down middle of radius and it should intersect capitellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How could you tell if the humero-capitellar joint was displaced?

A

The medial side of the humerus should point down through the middle third of the capitellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the posterior fat pad sign?

A

At the elbow the posterior fat pad will become displaced and can be seen posterior to distal humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What kind of fractures do children get and how are they seen?

A

Buckle fracture.

Look like a bump on the outside of the bone rather than a crack

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a greenstick fracture?

A

Common in children.

Incomplete fracture, with only 1 side of the bone affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is NAI?

A

non-accidental injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are examples of a bony ring?

A

Pelvis
Forearm
Leg
Spinal canal

17
Q

What is important to remember about bony rings?

A

A fracture in one place means there must be an abnormality in another

18
Q

What kind of foreign materials can’t be seen on x-ray?

A

Plastic and wood.

Only metal and glass can be seen.

19
Q

What is a Colles fracture?

A

Fracture in distal radius

shows a dinner fork abnormality

20
Q

Where does a scaphoid fracture present its pain?

A

Anatomical snuffbox

21
Q

What nerve can a #NOH damage?

A

Axillary

22
Q

Where does a Bennett’s fracture occur?

A

Articular surface of first metacarpal base

23
Q

What time scale should a hip fracture pt see orthopods?

A

within 4 hours

24
Q

What time scale should hip fracture pts have surgery?

A

Within 48 hours

25
Q

What analgesic can be given if pt is confused on morphine?

A

Oxycodone

26
Q

Who is most likely to get proximal femur fractures?

A 
Females, over 50
Osteoporotic
Smokers
Excess alcohol
Impaired vision
27
Q

Describe the blood supply to the femoral head

A

Mostly from medial circumflex femoral artery. Retinacular arteries arise from this.
Ligamentum teres supplies fovea

28
Q

Why is AVN common in #NOF?

A

Femoral artery damage is common and it is the main blood supply.

29
Q

What are the types of proximal femoral fracture?

A

Intracapsular

Extracapsular

30
Q

What is Shenton’s line?

A

Should be a smooth (imaginary) line running from pubic ramus to the inferiomedial neck of the femur

31
Q

What signs can be seen in #NOF?

A

Shortening

External rotation

32
Q

How can the median nerve be assessed in children?

A

OK sign

33
Q

How can radial nerve be assessed in children?

A

Thumbs up sign

34
Q

How can ulnar nerve be assessed in children?

A

Starfish with fingers

35
Q

True or False

Dependent on the patient’s age and co-morbidities fixing a hip fracture may be refused

A

False.

The complications of not fixing the fractures are worse than the operative complications.

36
Q

How are intracapsular fractures fixed?

A

Hemi-arthroplasty or THR

37
Q

How are extra-capsular fractures fixed?

A

Internal fixation

38
Q

What is the risk with intra-capsular fractures?

A

AVN

non-union

39
Q

How is an extra-capsular hip fracture treated?

A

Dynamic hip screw

MSK (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions