Histology Flashcards
True or False
Skeletal muscle cells are multinucleate
True
What is a fascicle?
A group of muscle fibres
`What is epimysium?
Connective tissue which surrounds the whole muscle
What is perimysium?
Connective tissue surrounding a single fascicle
What is endomysium?
Connective tissue around a single muscle fibre
What is a neuromuscular junction?
Where the axon of the motor neurone branch terminates
What are the 3 types of skeletal muscle?
Type I, IIa and IIb
What is type I skeletal muscle?
Slowly contracting fibres which have abundant mitochondria and are resistant to fatigue.
What is type IIa skeletal muscle?
Relatively fast to contract but reasonably resistant to fatigue.
Relatively uncommon.
What is type IIb skeletal muscle?
Fast contracting fibres which are majoratively anaerobic. Few mitochondria and fatigue easily.
Also called white fibres.
Compare the rigidity, blood supply to and permeability of cartilage and bone.
Cartilage is semi-rigid while bone is rigid.
Cartilage is avascular which bone is nourished by vessels that are close to the tissue.
Cartilage is permeable while bone is not.
What is a chondrocyte?
Cell which is found in cartilage.
What do chrondrocytes do?
Secrete an extracellular matrix.
What is the most common type of cartilage?
Hyaline.
What does elastic cartilage look like?
Light yellow
what is fibrocartilage?
Hybrid between elastic and hyaline.
It has bands of dense type I collagen.
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Articular surfaces.
Tracheal rings.
Costal cartilage.
Epiphyseal growth plates
What is haemopoiesis?
Blood cell production.
Where does haemopoiesis occur in utero?
Liver and spleen.
Develops to occur in bone marrow.
In adulthood where does haemopoiesis occur?
Only in the axial skeleton and the limb girdle.
What are the two types of tissue which makes up the bone?
The cortical bone on the outside which makes up the diaphysis.
The trabecular bone occupies the epiphysis.
True or False.
There are no blood vessels in bones.
False.
What are osteocytes?
A bone cell within the bone matrix
What is an osteoblast?
Bone forming cells. Secretes osteoid (connective tissu glycosaminoglycans) which mineralises to form bone.
What is an osteoclast?
Multinucleated cell which is responsible for bone resorption.
What is Haversian canal?
A minute tube in bone which contain blood vessels.
Which mineral principally makes up the bone?
Calcium phosphate.
What is the longest muscle in the body?
Sartorius
Why are type I skeletal muscle also called red fibres?
Contain lots of myoglobin so look red
Where would you find type I skeletal muscles?
Back- need to work for long periods of time
Where would you find type IIb skeletal muscles?
Fingers - need to work hard for little lengths of time
Where would you find fibrocartilage?
intervertebral discs
What is woven bone?
Bone which is laid down after a break.
Fibres haphazard and not as strong as labellar bone.
What kind of bone is found in the diaphysis?
Cortical bone
V dense
What kind of bone is found in the epiphysis?
Trabecular/cancellous
Where is the diaphysis of a bone?
The shaft
