Connective tissue diseases Flashcards
What is anti-phospholipid syndrome?
Positive for anti-cardiolupin antibodies.
Arterial/venous thrombi
Foetal loss
Stroke or MI in young patients
Who is most likely to get anti-phospholipid syndrome?
Females.
One third of people with SLE have anti-phospholipid
What are other signs of anti-phospholipid syndrome?
Thrombocytopenia
Libman-sachs endocarditis
Superficial thrombophlebitis
What is the cure for anti-phospholipid syndrome?
No cure but the three main issues need to be treated.
Anti-coag for thrombosis
Pre-eclampsia - aspirin and heparin
What is Sjogren’s syndrome?
Autoimmune.
Lymphocyte infiltrate to exocrine glands and cause xerostomia, vaginal dryness and keratoconjunctivitus
What is the criteria needed to be met to diagnose with Sjogren’s syndrome? Hint:6!
4/6 Ocular symptoms daily >3/12 Oral symptoms daily >3/12 Evidence of ocular dryness Evident of salivary gland involvement Immunology- Ro, La or both Biopsy evidence of lymphocytes
What is Schirmer’s test for Sjogren’s syndrome?
paper on the eye for 5 minutes and tears should fall 10 mm
Who is most at risk of primary Sjogren’s syndrome?
Females 40-60
What is the treatment for Sjogren’s syndrome?
Symptomatic mangement Eye drops or punctal plugs Saliva replacement Hydroxychloroquine steroids and immunosuppressants if organ involvement
What is systemic sclerosis?
Autoimmune disease resulting in inflammation and fibrosis
What 6 things are included in the common symptoms with systemic sclerosis?
Calconosis Raynauds Esophageal dysmotility Sclerodactylyl Telangiectasia (Pulmonary hypertension)
What antibodies are sometimes associated with systemic sclerosis?
Anti-centromere
What GI complications can systemic sclerosis cause?
Small bowel hypomobility
Pancreatic insufficiency
Rectal hypomobility
What respiratory complications can systemic sclerosis cause?
ILD
Pulmonary hypertension
Chest wall restriction
What cardiovascular manifestations can systemic sclerosis cause?
Raynaud’s with digital ulceration
Atherosclerotic disease
Hypertension
