Surface Anatomy and Acupoints: Upper Limb Flashcards
Cun measurement from mastoid process of temporal bone to mastoid process of temporal bone
9 cun
Cun measurement from medial border of scapula to medial border of scapula
6 cun
Cun measurement from hairline to hairline
12 cun
Cun measurement of foreheard
3 cun
Cun measurement for back of neck
3 cun
Cun measurement from corner to corner of forehead (ST 8 to ST 8)
9 cun
Cun measurement from midline to acromion process
8 cun
Cun measurement from axilla to cubital crease
9 cun
Cun measurement from cubital crease to transverse wrist crease
12 cun
Cun measurement of gluteal fold to popliteal crease
14 cun
Cun measurement of popliteal crease to lateral malleolus
16 cun
Cun measurement of popliteal crease to medial malleolus
15 cun
Cun measurement of umbilicus to xiphoid process
8 cun
Cun measurement of umbilicus to superior border of pubic symphysis
5 cun
Cun measurement of greater trochanter to lower border of patella
19 cun
Cun measurement of patella
2 cun
Location of HT 1
In the depression at the center of the Axilla
HT 1 caution
Medial insertion towards the chest may cause a pneumothorax, caution of the axillary artery
HT 1 angle
Oblique Perpendicular
HT 1 depth
0.5-1 cun
HT 2 location
3 cun proximal to the medial end of the transverse cubital crease, on the line joining HT 1 and HT3
HT 2 angle
Oblique (distally or proximally)
HT 2 depth
0.5-1 cun
HT 3 Location
Midway between PC 3 and the medial epicondyle of the humerus, at the medial end of the transverse cubital crease when the elbow is fully flexed
HT 3 angle
Oblique (distally or proximally)
HT 3 depth
0.5-1.5 cun
LU 3 location
On the antero-lateral aspect of the arm, 3 cun inferior to the axillary fold and 6 cun superior to LU 5, in the depression between the lateral border of the biceps brachii
LU 3 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein
HT 2 caution
Caution of the brachial artery
LU 3 angle
Perpendicular
LU 3 depth
0.5-1 cun
LU 4 location
On the antero-lateral aspect of the arm, 4 cun inferior to the axillary fold and 5 cun superior to LU 5
LU 4 angle
Perpendicular
LU 4 depth
0.5-1 cun
LU 4 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein
LU 5 location
On the cubital crease of the elbow, in the depression at the radial side of the biceps brachii tendon
LU 5 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein
LU 5 angle
Perpendicular
LU 5 depth
0.5-1 cun
PC 2 location
On the anterior aspect of the arm, 2 cun below the anterior axillary fold, between the two heads of the biceps brachii muscle
PC 2 angle
Oblique (distally or proximally)
PC 2 depth
1-1.5 cun
PC 3 location
On the transverse cubital crease, in the depression immediately to the ulnar side of the aponeurosis of the biceps brachii muscle - prick to bleed
PC 3 angle
Perpendicular
PC 3 depth
0.5-1 cun
PC 3 caution
Caution of the brachial artery and vein, medial cubital vein
SJ 10 location
With the elbow flexed, this point is located in the depression 1 cun proximal to the olecranon
SJ 10 angle
Perpendicular
SJ 10 depth
0.5-1 cun
SJ 11 location
With the elbow flexed, this point is located 1 cun proximal to SJ 10
SJ 11 angle
Perpendicular
SJ 11 depth
0.5-1 cun
SJ 12 location
On the upper arm, on a line drawn between SJ 10 and SJ 14, 4 cun proximal to SJ 10 and 6 cun distal to SJ 14 (midway between SJ 11 and SJ 13)
SJ 12 angle
Oblique, Perpendicular
SJ 12 depth
1-2 cun
SJ 13 location
Where the line drawn between SJ 10 and SJ 14 meets the posterior border of the deltoid muscle, approximately 2/3 of the distance between these two points
SJ 13 angle
Oblique, Perpendicular
SJ 13 depth
1-2 cun
SJ 14 location
On the shoulder, posterior to LI 15, in the depression inferior and posterior to the acromion when the arm is abducted
SJ 14 angle
perpendicularly towards the shoulder
SJ 14 depth
1.0-1.5 cun
LI 11 location
At the elbow, midway between LU 5 and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, at the lateral end of the transverse cubital crease
LI 11 angle
Perpendicular
LI 11 depth
1-1.5 cun
LI 12 location
when the elbow is flexed, this point is located in the depression 1 cun proximal and 1 cun lateral to LI 11
LI 12 angle
Perpendicular
LI 12 depth
0.5-1 cun
LI 13 location
On the lateral side of the upper arm, 3 cun proximal to LI 111, on the line connecting LI 11 and LI 15
LI 13 angle
Perpendicular
LI 13 depth
1-1.5 cun
LI 14 location
On the lateral side of the upper arm, on the line joining LI 11 and LI 15, 7 cun proximal to LI 11 at the insertion of the deltoid muscle
LI 14 angle
perpendicular or oblique upwards
LI 14 depth
0.8-1.5 cun
LI 15 location
In the depression anterior and inferior to the acromion, at the origin of the deltoid muscle
LI 15 angle
Transverse, Oblique
LI 15 depth
1-2 cun
SI 8 location
In the depression between the tip of the olecranon process of the ulna and the tip of the medial epicondyle of the humerus
SI 8 caution
Caution of the ulnar nerve
SI 8 angle
Perpendicular
SI 8 depth
0.3-0.5 cun
SI 9 location
On the posterior aspect of the shoulder, 1 cun superior to the posterior axillary crease when the arm hangs in the abducted position
SI 9 angle
Perpendicular
SI 9 depth
1-1.5 cun
SI 10 location
On the posterior aspect of the shoulder, in the depression inferior to the scapular spine, directly superior to the posterior axillary crease when the arm is abducted
SI 10 angle
Perpendicular
SI 10 depth
1-1.5 cun
Jian qian
On the anterior aspect of the shoulder joint, midway between the anterior axillary crease and LI 15
Jian qian angle
Transverse/Oblique, Perpendicular
Jian qian depth
T/O: 2-3 cun
P: 1-1.5 cun
Zhou jian
On the tip of the olecranon process of the ulna
Zhou jian methods
Moxa only
LU 6 location
On the flexor aspect of the forearm, on the line connecting LU 9 with LU 5, 7 cun proximal to LU 9
LU 6 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein, radial artery, and radial vein
LU 6 angle
Oblique or Perpendicular
LU 6 depth
0.5-1.5 cun
LU 7 location
On the radial aspect of the forearm, 1.5 cun proximal to LI 5 in the cleft between the tendons of brachioradialis and adductor pollicis longus
LU 7 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein
LU 7 angle
Transverse (proximally or distally)
LU 7 depth
0.5-1 cun
LU 8 location
Above the wrist, 1 cun proximal to LU 9 on the line connecting LU 9 with LU 6 in the depression at the base of the styloid process and the radial side of the radial artery
LU 8 caution
Caution of the radial artery
LU 8 angle
Oblique proximally or perpendicular
LU 8 depth
0.3-0.5 cun
LU 9 location
At the wrist joint, in the depression between the radial artery and the tendon of abductor pollicis longus, level with HT 7
LU 9 caution
Caution of the radial artery
LU 9 angle
Perpendicular
LU 9 depth
0.3-0.5 cun
PC 4 location
On the flexor aspect of the forearm, 5 cun proximal to PC 7 on the line connecting PC 7 and PC 3, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis
PC 4 angle
Oblique proximally, perpendicular
PC 4 depth
Oblique proximally - 1-1.5 cun
Perpendicular - 0.5-1 cun
PC 5 location
On the flexor aspect of the forearm, 3 cun proximal to PC 7, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis
PC 5 angle
Oblique proximally, perpendicular
PC 5 depth
Oblique proximally - 1-1.5 cun
Perpendicular - 0.5-1 cun
PC 6 location
On the flexor aspect of the forearm, 2 cun proximal to PC 7, between the tendons of palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis
PC 6 caution
Caution of the median nerve
PC 6 angle
Oblique (distally or proximally)
Perpendicular
PC 6 depth
Oblique (distally or proximally) - 1-1.5 cun
Perpendicularly - 0.5-1 cun
PC 7 location
At the wirst crease, between the tendons palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis, level with HT 7
PC 7 caution
Caution of the median nerve
PC 7 angle
Oblique distally, perpendicularly
PC 7 depth
Oblique distally - 0.5-1 cun
Perpendicuarly - 0.3-0.5 cun
HT 4 location
On the radial side of the tendon flexor carpi ulnaris, 1.5 cun proximal to HT 7
HT 4 caution
Caution of the ulnar artery and nerve
HT 4 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
HT 4 depth
Oblique - 0.5-1 cun
Perpendicular - 0.3-0.5 cun
HT 5 location
On the radial side of the tendon flexor carpi ulnaris, 1 cun proximal to HT 7
HT 5 caution
Caution of the ulnar artery and nerve
HT 5 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
HT 5 depth
Oblique - 0.5-1 cun
Perpendicular - 0.3-0.5 cun
HT 6 location
On the radial side of the tendon flexor carpi ulnaris, 0.5 cun proximal to HT 7
HT 6 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
HT 6 depth
Oblique - 0.5-1 cun
Perpendicular - 0.3-0.5 cun
HT 7 location
At the wrist joint, on the radial side of flexor carpi ulnaris, in the depression at the proximal border of the pisiform bone
HT 7 caution
Caution of the ulnar artery and nerve
HT 7 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
HT 7 depth
Oblique - 0.5-0.8 cun
Perpendicular - 0.3-0.5 cun
LI 5 location
On the radial side of the wrist crease, on the center of the hollow formed by the tendons of extensor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis (anatomical snuffbox)
LI 5 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein and the radial artery
LI 5 angle
Perpendicular
LI 5 depth
0.5-1 cun
LI 6 location
3 cun proximal to LI 5 on the line connecting LI 5 with LI 11
LI 6 caution
Caution of the cephalic vein
LI 6 angle
Transverse oblique
LI 6 depth
0.5-1 cun
LI 7 location
5 cun proximal to LI 5 on the line connecting LI 5 wiht LI 11
LI 7 angle
Transverse oblique
LI 7 depth
0.5-1 cun
LI 8 location
On the radial side of the forearm, 4 cun distal to LI 11, on the line connecting LI 11 with LI 5
LI 8 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
LI 8 depth
0.5-1.5 cun
LI 9 location
On the radial side of the forearm, 3 cun distal to LI 11 on the line connecting LI 11 with LI 5
LI 9 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
LI 9 depth
0.5-1 cun
LI 10 location
On the radial side of the forearm, 2 cun distal to LI 11, on the line connecting LI 11 with LI 5
LI 10 angle
Oblique, perpendicular
LI 10 depth
0.5-1.5
SJ 4 location
On the dorsum of the wrist, at the level of the wrist joint, in the depression between the tendons of extensor digitorum communis and extensor digiti minimi
SJ 4 angle
Oblique (slightly proximally)
SJ 4 depth
0.3-0.5
SJ 5 location
2 cun proximal to SJ 4, in the depression between the radius and the ulna, on the radial side of the extensor digitorum communis tendons
SJ 5 caution
Caution of patient moving and causing a bent needle
SJ 5 angle
Oblique slightly towards the ulnar side
SJ 5 depth
0.5-1 cun
SI 6 location
When the palm of the hand is placed on the chest, this point is located on the dorsal aspect of the head of the ulna, in a cleft level with and to the radial side of the high point of the styloid process of the ulna
SI 6 angle
Transverse oblique, Oblique
SI 6 depth
0.5-1 cun
SJ 6 location
3 cun proximal to Sj 4, in the depression beween the radius and the ulna, on the radial side of the extensor digitorum communis muslce
SJ 6 angle
Oblique, slightly towards the ulnar side
SJ 6 depth
0.5-1 cun
SJ 7 location
3 cun proximal to SJ 4, levelwith and on the ulnar side of SJ 6, in the depression between the ulna and the extensor digitorum communis muscle
SJ 7 angle
Oblique, slightly towards the lunar side
SJ 7 depth
0.5-1.5 cun
SJ 8 location
4 cun proximal to SJ 4, in the depression between the radius and the ulna, on the radial side of the extensor digitorum communis muslce
SJ 8 angle
Oblique, slightly towards the ulnar side
SJ 8 depth
0.5-1.5 cun
SJ 9 location
In the depression between the radius and the ulna, on a line drawn between SJ 4 and the lateral epicondyle of the humerus 7 cun proximal to SJ 4
SJ 9 angle
Oblique, Perpendicular
SJ 9 depth
1-2 cun
SI 5 location
At the ulnar border of the wrist, in the deperession between the head of the ulna and the triquentrial bone
SI 5 angle
Perpendicular
SI 5 depth
0.3-0.5 cun
SI 7 location
On a line connecting SI 5 and SI 8, 5 cun proximal to SI 5, in the groove between the anterior border of the ulna and the muscle belly of the flexor carpi ulnaris
SI 7 angle
Perpendicular
SI 7 depth
0.5-1 cun
Er Bai location
On the flexor aspect of the forearm, 4 cun proximal to PC 7, either side of the tendon of flexor carpi radialis
Er Bai angle
Oblique proximally, perpendicular
Er Bai depth
Oblique proximally - 1-1.5 cun
Perpendicular - 0.5-1 cun
Bi Zhong location
On the palmar aspect of the forearm (on the lateral aspect of the forearm) midway between the transverse wrist crease and cubital crease, between the radius and the ulna
Bi Zhong angle
Perpendicular
Bi Zhong depth
1-1.2 cun
Zhong Quan location
On the dorsal crease of the wrist, in the depression on the radial side of the tendon of common extensor muslce of fingers between LI 5 and SJ 4
Zhong Quan angle
Perpendicular
Zhong Quan depth
0.3-0.5 cun
PC 8 location
Between the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones, proximal to the metacarpo-phalngeal joint, in a depression at the radial side of the 3rd metacarpal bone. Caution of the palmar digital artery
PC 9 location
In the center of the tip of the middle finger, or at the radial side of the middle finger, at the junction of lies drawn along the radial border of the nail and the base of the nail. Prick to bleed.
PC 8 angle
Perpendicular
PC 8 depth
0.5 cun
PC 9 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
PC 9 depth
0.1-0.2 cun
LU 10 location
On the thenar eminence of the hand, in a depression between the midpoint of the shaft of the 1st metacarpal bone and the thenar muscles
LU 10 angle
Perpendicular
LU 10 depth
0.5-1 cun
LU 11 location
On the extensor aspect of the thumb, at the junction of lines drawn between the radial border of the nail and the base of the nail, approximately 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail. Prick to bleed
LU 11 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
LU 11 depth
0.1-0.2 cun
HT 8 location
On the palm in the depression between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones, where the tip of the little finger rests when a fist is made. Caution of the common palmar digital artery and vein.
HT 8 angle
Perpendicular
HT 8 depth
0.5 cun
HT 9 location
On the dorsal aspect of the little finger, at the junction of lines drawn along the radial border of the nail and the base of the nail, approximately 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail. Prick to bleed.
HT 9 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
HT 9 depth
0.1-0.2 cun
LI 1 location
On the dorsal aspect of the index finger, at the junction of the lines drawn along the radial border of the nail and the base of the nail, approximately 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail. Prick to bleed
LI 1 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
LI 1 depth
0.1-0.2 cun
LI 2 location
On the radial border of the index finger, in a depression just distal to the metacarpo-phalangeal joint
LI 2 angle
Perpendicular, oblique
LI 2 depth
Perpendicular: 0.5 cun
Oblique: 0.2-0.3 cun
LI 3 location
On the radial side of the index finger, in the substantial depression proximal to the head of a second metacarpal bone
LI 3 angle
Perpendicular
LI 3 depth
0.5-2 cun
LI 4 location
On the dorsum of the hand, between the first and second metacarpal bones, at the midpoint of the second metacarpal bone and close to its radial border. Caution during pregnancy
LI 4 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
LI 4 depth
Perpendicular: 0.5-1 cun
Oblique proximally: 1-1.5 cun
SJ 1 location
On the dorsal aspect of the ring finger, at the junction of lines drawn along the ulnar border of the nail and the base of the nail, approximately 1 cun from the corner of the nail. Prick to bleed.
SJ 1 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
SJ 1 depth
0.1-0.2 cun
SJ 2 location
Between the ring and little fingers, 0.5 cun proximal to the margin of the web
SJ 2 angle
Perpendicular
SJ 2 depth
0.3-0.5 cun
SJ 3 location
On the dorsum of the hand, in the depression just proximal to the fourth and fifth metacarpo-phalangeal joints
SJ 3 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
SJ 3 depth
0.5-1 cun
SI 1 location
On the dorsal aspect of the little finger, at the junction of lines drawn along the ulnar border of the nail and the base of the nail, approximately 0.1 cun from the corner of the nail. Prick to bleed.
SI 1 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
SI 1 depth
0.1-0.2 cun
SI 2 location
On the ulnar border of the little finger, in a depression just distal to the metacarpo-phalangeal joint
SI 2 angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
SI 2 depth
Perpendicular: 0.5 cun
Oblique proximally: 0.1-0.3 cun
SI 3 location
On the ulnar border of the hand, in the substantial depression proximal to the head of the fifth metacarpal bone
SI 3 angle
Perpendicular
SI 3 depth
0.5-2 cun
SI 4 location
On the ulnar border of the hand, in the depression between the base of the 5th metacarpal bone and the triquetral bone
SI 4 angle
Perpendicular
SI 4 depth
0.3-0.5 cun
Shi Xuan
On the tips of the fingers, approximately 0.1 cun from the finger nail. Prick to bleed.
Si Feng
On the palmar surface of the hand, at the midpoint of the transverse creases of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the index, middle, ring and little fingers. Prick to bleed/squeeze, until a yellow/white liquid appears
Ba Xie
When the hand is made into a fist, 6 of these points lie in the depressions between the metacarpal heads, proximal to the web margins. The remaining 2 points lie equidistant between the thumb and index metacarpals, proximal to the web margins
Ba Xie angle
Perpendicular
Ba Xie depth
0.5-1 cun
Yao Tong Xue location
On the dorsum of the hand, two points located between the second and third and the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones, in the depressions lying immediately distal to the bases of the metacarpals.
Yao Tong Xue angle
Perpendicular
Yao Tong Xue depth
0.5-1 cun
Luo Zhen
Stiff neck point - on the dorsum of the hand, in the depression just proximal to the second and third metacarpo-phalangeal joints
Luo Zhen angle
Perpendicular, Oblique proximally
Luo Zhen depth
0.5-1 cun
Zhong Kui location
On the midpoint of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the middle finger at dorsum aspect. Moxa and needle
Da Gu Kong location
On the dorsal aspect of the thumb in the center of the skin crease between the distal and middle phalanges. Moxa 3-5 cones, pole 5-10 minutes
Da Gu Kong angle
Subcutaneous
Da Gu Kong angle
0.2-0.5 cun
Xiao Gu Kong location
On the dorsal crease of the little finger, at the center of the proximal interphalangeal joint. Moxa 3-5 cones, pole 5-10 minutes
Xiao Gu Kong angle
Perpendicular
Xiao Gu Kong depth
0.1
Wai Lao Gong location
Opposite side of PC 8 (on the dorsum of the hand, in the depression between the second and third metacarpo-phalangeal joint, approximately 0.5 cun proximal to the metacarpo-phalangeal joint). needle or moxa
Wai Lao Gong depth
0.3-0.5 cun
