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NMSP - Exam 3 > Substance Use Disorder > Flashcards

Substance Use Disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior where person uses drug for personal satisfaction

A

Addiction

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2
Q

Drug that has abuse liability

A

Controlled Substance

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3
Q

State characterized by signs and symptoms when drug is withdrawn from chronic use

A

Dependence

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4
Q

Synthetic derivative of a drug with slightly modified structure to try and avoid the schedules (illegal/fines) of controlled drugs

A

Designer Drug

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5
Q

Decreased response to a drug, needed higher doses to achieve same effect

A

Tolerance

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6
Q

Increased response with repetition of the same dose of the drug

A

Sensitization

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7
Q

Evidence of physical dependence; adaptive changes that are apparent once drug exposure is terminated

A

Withdrawal

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8
Q

Describe the Schedule levels for Controlled Substances

A 
1 = no medical use; high addiction potential
2/3/4 = medical use; high to low abuse potential
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9
Q

What type of drugs are methamphetamine and cocaine?

A

Stimulants

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10
Q

What can Methamphetamine treat?

A

Obesity

ADHD

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of Methamphetamine?

A

Agitation
Paranoia
Anxiety

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12
Q

MOA for Cocaine?

A

(-) dopamine reuptake

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13
Q

What drug (-) dopamine reuptake?

A

Cocaine

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14
Q

What are the symptoms of Cocaine?

A

Euphoria
Increased alertness
Anxiety/Irritability

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15
Q

High doses or prolonged use of Cocaine can cause what?

A

Paranoia

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16
Q

With Cocaine, tolerance develops ____

A

Rapidly

– take higher and higher doses

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17
Q

With Cocaine, what follows the Euphoria?

A

Crash

= Exhaustion, sleep, depression

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18
Q

What are the symptoms of Ketamine?

A

Dissociative sensations
Hallucinations
Sedation state/amnesia/analgesia/immobility

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19
Q

What types of drugs are Ketamine and LSD?

A

Hallucinogens

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20
Q

If a person is in an unresponsive state with uncontrolled eye movements, muscle stiffening, dilated pupils and salivation, what drug are they likely on?

A

Ketamine

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21
Q

As Ketamine wears off, what are the 3 symptoms?

A

Agitation
Confusion
Hallucinations

22
Q

As Ketamine wears off, what are they 3 symptoms?

A

Agitation
Confusion
Hallucinations

23
Q

What are the symptoms of LSD (lysergic acid diethylamine)?

A

Vision, mood changes

Distortion of world and time around you

24
Q

What is a dangerous adverse effect that can occur with LSD?

A

Can produce flashbacks months/years after taking last dose!

25
Q

What drug can produce flashbacks months/years after taking last dose?

A

LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)

26
Q

Overdose effects of barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol produce what types of behavior?

A

Drunken behavior

27
Q

What are the withdrawal effects of barbiturates, benzodiazepines and ethanol?

A

Anxiety, insomnia, delirium

28
Q

Overdose effects of Heroin and opioids?

A

Drowsy and coma

29
Q

What are the withdrawal effects of Heroin and opioids?

A

N/V, chills, cramps, lacrimation, yawning, hyperpnea

30
Q

What is a long term effect of PCP?

A

Irreversible schizophrenia-like psychosis

31
Q

Are Ketamine, LSD and PCP addictive?

A

NO

– just can have long term effects

32
Q

Caffeine increases mental alertness. If you combine it with what 2 things, what will it treat?

A

Caffeine + analgesics + ergotamine = treats migraine headaches

33
Q

There are tons of clinical uses for Caffeine. List a few.

A

Weight loss
Type 2 DM
Breathing issues

34
Q

High doses of Caffeine + Ephedrine =

A

Alternative to illegal stimulants

35
Q

1 alcoholic drink takes how long to metabolize?

A

1 hour

36
Q

1 alcoholic drink takes how long to metabolize?

A

1 hour

37
Q

Binge drinking limits for women and men (on one occasion)

A

Women: > 4 drinks
Men: > 5 drinks

38
Q

Heavy drinking limits for women and men?

A

Women: > 8 drinks/week
Men: > 15 drinks/week

39
Q

What type of kinetics does Alcohol metabolism follow?

A

Zero-order

= Rate is CONSTANT and independent of amount

40
Q

What type of kinetics does Alcohol metabolism follow?

A

Zero-order

= Rate is CONSTANT and independent of amount

41
Q

What is the rate limiting factor for Alcohol metabolism and its half life increases with?

A

Biological system = rate limiting factor

– half life increases with dose

42
Q

Describe the cascade of Alcohol Metabolism

A
  • Alcohol
  • Acetaldehyde
  • Acetate
43
Q

What enzyme takes Alcohol to Acetaldehyde?

A

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

44
Q

What enzyme takes Acetaldehyde to Acetate?

A

Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase

45
Q

MOA for Disulfiram?

A

(-) Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase

==> build up of Acetaldehyde

46
Q

What is the result of Disulfiram?

A

Discomfort while drinking alcohol due to the buildup of Acetaldehyde
= Flushing, N/V, sweating, headache

47
Q

MOA for Acamprosate?

A

NMDA antagonist and GABAa agonist

48
Q

What is the result of taking Acamprosate?

A

Decreased desire to drink alcohol and relapse rates

49
Q

There is extensive first pass metabolism of Alcohol with what enzyme?

A

Alcohol Dehydrogenase

50
Q

What drug can (-) Alcohol Dehydrogenase and treat methanol/ethylene glycol poisoning?

A

Fomepizole

NMSP - Exam 3 (22 decks)

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