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NMSP - Exam 3 > CNS Stimulants > Flashcards

CNS Stimulants Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 general class options for ADHD treatment?

A

Stimulants

Non-stimulants

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2
Q

IR

A

Immediate Release

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3
Q

ER or XR

A

Extended Release

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4
Q

LA

A

Long Acting

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5
Q

CD

A

Controlled Delivery

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6
Q

ODT

A

Oral Disintegrating Tablet

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7
Q

What are the 2 types of Stimulants?

A

Amphetamine based

Methylphenidate based

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of Stimulants?

A

Amphetamine based

Methylphenidate based

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9
Q

What are the 3 Non-Stimulants?

A

Atomoxetine
Guanfacine
Clonidine

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10
Q

What are the 3 Non-stimulants?

A

Atomoxetine
Guanfacine
Clonidine

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11
Q

What is the MOA for Stimulants?

A

Enhance neurotransmitter transmission by serving as direct/indirect non-catecholamine sympathomimetics

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12
Q

Stimulants can block neurotransmitter reuptake, interfere with VMAT and increase release. As the dose increases, what neurotransmitter effects will occur?

A

As dose increases:

  • NE
    • Then DA
  • – Then 5-HT
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13
Q

What are some general side effects of the Stimulants? (4)

A

GI distress
Decreased appetite and growth
Insomnia
Jittery

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14
Q

What are some rare side effects of the Stimulants? (4)

A

Priapism – extended erection
Seizures
Chemical Leukoderma
Cardiac deaths

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15
Q

How long does it take for the onset of activity for Stimulants?

A

24 hours

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16
Q

Stimulants are controlled substances - yes or no?

A

YES

- 1-3 month supply, no refills, no samples

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17
Q

Amphetamine based IR forms?

A

Tablet
Capsule
Liquid

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18
Q

Amphetamine based IR forms?

A

Tablet
Capsule
Liquid

19
Q

Amphetamine based ER forms?

A

Capsule

Liquid

20
Q

Amphetamine based ER forms?

A

Capsule

Liquid

21
Q

Amphetamine based also has an XR-ODT form. Describe it.

A

Extended release oral disintegrating tablet

– NO water necessary!

22
Q

The XR-ODT form of Amphetamine has what ratio of d:l amphetamine?

A

3:1

23
Q

Methylphenidate based IR forms?

A

Tablet

Liquid

24
Q

Methylphenidate based IR forms?

A

Tablet

Liquid

25
Q

Methylphenidate based SUSTAINED release forms?

A

Tablet

26
Q

Methylphenidate based SUSTAINED release forms?

A

Tablet

27
Q

Methylphenidate based ER forms?

A 
Tablet
Capsule
Liquid
Chewable tablet
Transdermal patch
28
Q

Methylphenidate based ER forms?

A 
Tablet
Capsule
Liquid
Chewable tablet
Transdermal patch
29
Q

What is the Methylphenidate based stimulant that is ER and can be worn as a transdermal patch?

A

Methylphenidate transdermal

30
Q

What side effect can occur with the Methylphenidate based ER transdermal patch form?

A

Chemical Leukoderma

31
Q

What is the Methylphenidate ER form that is a chewable tablet?

A

Methylphenidate HCI

32
Q

What is the MOA for Atomoxetine?

A

(-) NE reuptake

33
Q

What form is Atomoxetine given in?

A

Capsule

34
Q

What are the possible side effects of Atomoxetine?

A

Ocular irritant if capsule opened

Suicidal thoughts

35
Q

What is the MOA for Guanfacine and Clonidine?

A

CNS Alpha2a receptor Agonists

36
Q

What form is Guanfacine and Clonidine given in?

A

Tablet

37
Q

Guanfacine and Clonidine are actually _____

A

Antihypertensives

38
Q

What are there risks or/warning to not do with Guanfacine and Clonidine?

A

Risk of Rebound HTN

Do not crush, chew, break tablets

39
Q

With Guanfacine and Clonidine there is a risk of Rebound HTN, how should you discontinue the meds?

A

Downward dose titration for 1+ weeks

40
Q

How long does the onset of activity take to occur with Non-Stimulants?

A

1-4+ weeks

41
Q

Non-stimulants are controlled substances - yes or no?

A

NO

– refills and samples permitted

42
Q

In what patients are Non-stimulants useful?

A

Patients/parents intolerant of stimulant effects

43
Q

Compare the effect-size of Non-stimulants to Stimulants?

A

Non-stimulants effect-size NOT as large as seen with Stimulants

44
Q

Compare the effect-size of Non-Stimulants to Stimulants?

A

Non-Stimulants effect-size NOT as large as seen with Stimulants

NMSP - Exam 3 (22 decks)

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