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NMSP - Exam 3 > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder. When is the onset usually?

A

Early adulthood

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2
Q

What are some possible precipitating events for Schizophrenia?

A

Traumatic events
Cannabis use
Drugs and Alcohol

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3
Q

What are some possible prodromal (preceding) signs that may be present before Schizophrenia develops?

A

Cluster A personality disorder

LOW number of close friends and social activity participation

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4
Q

If the ____ symptoms are present, there will be a better prognosis

A

Positive symptoms

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5
Q

If the ____ symptoms are present, there will be a poor prognosis

A

Negative symptoms

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6
Q

In order to diagnose Schizophrenia, how long must the symptoms be present?

A

> 6 months

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7
Q

What are the Positive symptoms that can present with Schizophrenia?

A

Delusions
Hallucinations
Agitation
Catatonia

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8
Q

What are the Positive symptoms that can present with Schizophrenia?

A

Delusions
Hallucinations
Agitation
Catatonia

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9
Q

What type of affect can Schizophrenic patients have?

A

Flat or inappropriate affect

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10
Q

What are the Negative symptoms that can present with Schizophrenia?

A

Apathy
Social withdrawal
Affective flattening
Anhedonia (no pleasure)

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11
Q

What are the Negative symptoms that can present with Schizophrenia?

A

Apathy
Social withdrawal
Affective flattening
Anhedonia (no pleasure)

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12
Q

When listening to a Schizophrenic patient, there may be loosening of associations. What does that mean?

A

Absent connections among thoughts/ideas

– hard to follow what they are saying

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13
Q

When listening to a Schizophrenic patient, what types of speech/thought issues may they have?

A

Poverty of speech/content = very little talking

Thought blocking = interruption in patient’s speech

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14
Q

When listening to a Schizophrenic patient, what types of speech/thought issues may they have?

A

Poverty of speech/content = very little talking

Thought blocking = interruption in patient’s speech

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15
Q

Schizophrenia diagnosis is based on?

A

Clinical symptoms only

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16
Q

There are a higher number of Schizophrenia patients that were born when?

A

Winter/spring

– possible influenza prenatal infection?

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17
Q

There are many subtypes of Schizophrenia. The catatonic type has what type of symptoms?

A

Immobility or statue like posture/facial expression

18
Q

What is the treatment that can help a Schizophrenic patient come out of a catatonic state?

A

Benzodiazepines

19
Q

What 4 brain changes can be seen in the neurophysiology of a Schizophrenic patient?

A
  1. Decreased brain volume
  2. Decreased size of limbic system (hippocampus/amygdala)
  3. Prefrontal cortex changes
  4. Decreased size of Thalamus
20
Q

What 4 brain changes can be seen in the neurophysiology of a Schizophrenic patient?

A
  1. Decreased brain volume
  2. Decreased size of limbic system (hippocampus/amygdala)
  3. Prefrontal cortex changes
  4. Decreased size of Thalamus
21
Q

With the decreased brain volume in a Schizophrenic patient, what specific changes are seen?

A

Decreased symmetry

Enlarged lateral and 3rd ventricles

22
Q

With the Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia, what neurotransmitter activity is INCREASED?

A

D2 (dopamine) activity is INCREASED

23
Q

Besides increased dopamine activity, what 2 neurotransmitter alterations may be present with Schizophrenia?

A

Decreased GABA activity

NMDA receptor hypofunction

24
Q

Are Schizophrenic patients more likely to commit homicide?

A

NO

– but take risk factors/signs seriously

25
Q

What is the leading cause of death of a Schizophrenic patient?

A

Suicide

26
Q

What is the leading cause of death in Schizophrenic patients?

A

Suicide

27
Q

General pharmacology class used to treat Schizophrenics?

A

Antipsychotics

28
Q

Schizoaffective Disorder

A

Schizophrenia symptoms + major depressive episode/manic episode

29
Q

Schizophrenia symptoms + a major depressive episode OR manic episode

A

Schizoaffective Disorder

30
Q

Brief Psychotic Disorder

A

Presence of at least 1:

- Delusions/Hallucinations/Catatonia/Disorganized speech

31
Q

With a Brief Psychotic Disorder, 1 symptom must be present for how long?

A

Greater than 1 day but NO LONGER THAN 1 month

32
Q

How long may the Delusions/Hallucinations/Catatonia/or disorganized speech be present with a Brief Psychotic Disorder?

A

More than 1 day but LESS than 1 month

33
Q

Will patients with Brief Psychotic Disorder return to premorbid level functioning?

A

YES

34
Q

Schizophreniform

A

Meets criterion A, D, E for Schizophrenia

35
Q

How long must the symptoms be present in order to diagnose Schizophreniform?

A

Greater than 1 month but LESS THAN 6 months

36
Q

Schizophrenia for LESS than 6 months

A

Schizophreniform

37
Q

What are good prognostic features for Schizophreniform?

A

Absence of flat affect

Confusion/perplexity at height of episode

38
Q

Delusional Disorder

A

Delusions present for longer than 1 month

39
Q

How long must the delusions be present with Delusional disorder?

A

Longer than 1 month

40
Q

Besides delusions, are there any other functional impairments with Delusional Disorder?

A

NO

    • NORMAL functioning and behavior
  • – Never meets criteria for Schizophrenia

NMSP - Exam 3 (22 decks)

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