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Module 1 (Intro To Basics) > Spirituality and Diversity > Flashcards

Spirituality and Diversity Flashcards

1
Q

Texas Administrative Code Title 22 Examing Board Chapter 217.11

A

Provide without discrimination, nursing services regardless of age, disability, economic status, gender, national origin, race, religion, health problems, or sexual orientation of the client served

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2
Q

ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses

A

The nurse, in all professional relationships, practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and uniqueness of every individual, unrestricted by considerations of social or economic status, personal attributes, or the nature of health problems.

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3
Q

Professional Nursing Pledge

A

In the full knowledge of the responsibilities I am undertaking, I promise to care for my patients with all the knowledge, skills, and understanding I possess, without regard to race, color, creed, politics, social status…

I will respect, at all times, the dignity and religious beliefs of the patients under my care…

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4
Q

Spirituality

A

Complex concept that is unique to each individual and is dependent upon a person’s culture, development, life experiences, beliefs, and ideas about life

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5
Q

Spirituality surrounding a person

A

connectedness
transcendence and self-transcendence
faith and hope
inner strength and peace
meaning and purpose in life

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6
Q

Spiritual Wellness

A

Awareness of one’s inner self
Connection to a higher being, nature…
Values
Highly individualized

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7
Q

Spiritual Wellness Attributes

A

Harmony
Purpose
Self Acceptance
Clear values
Positive Outlook
Peace
Balance
Growth

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8
Q

Spiritual Wellness Maintenance

A

Do I make time for relaxation in my day?
Do I make time for quiet reflection?
Do my values guide my decisions and actions?
Am I accepting of the views of others?
Do I have a source of hope?
Can I offer forgiveness to others?

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9
Q

Spiritual Wellness Effects

A

Positive effect on health
Enhanced quality of life
Accept hardship and even mortality

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10
Q

Types of Spirituality

A

Religious and non-religious

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11
Q

Spirituality and Religion

A

Spirituality is found in all human cultures.
Expressed differently in religious faiths.
Spirituality does not have to include religion.
Being spiritual does not mean practicing religion.
CONGRUENCY

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12
Q

Spirituality and Health

A

Reduces Stress
Improved health outcomes with chronic conditions.
Helps with pain management
Comfort for the dying and bereaving.
Enhances recovery from illness and surgery

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13
Q

Spirituality and Health decreases

A

Decreases anxiety, depression, anger, discomfort, and feelings of isolation
Decreases alcohol and drug abuse
Decreases blood pressure and risk of heart disease

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14
Q

Spirituality and Health increases

A

Increases ability to cope
Increases feeling of hope, optimism, freedom from regret, inner peace and satisfaction with life

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15
Q

Spirituality in healing process

A

Enhances comfort
Provides inner peace
Helps patients come to terms with disability and death

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16
Q

Spirituality and Relationships

A

Relationships include - self, family, friends, and loved ones, Consider how you relate to the world around you.
Aspects of Relationships that effect spirituality
Love Hurt
Trust Mistrust
Communication
Reflect: your closest relationship(s)

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17
Q

Let us be grateful to the people who make us happy, they are the charming gardeners who make our souls blossom. ~Marcel ProustProust

A

You got this!!!!

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18
Q

Congruency

A

spiritual w/o actions in real time

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19
Q

Despite suffering…..
Feeling connected to others who are suffering
Feeling support love and room in my heart for others
Keep up the fight to endure, pushing beyond limitations
Transform this world into a place of wholeness and mutual support
Is an example of?

A

Spiritual Wellness

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20
Q

Spiritual Distress

A

“the state in which the individual experiences or is at risk for experiencing a disturbance in his belief system that is the source of his strength and hope.”

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21
Q

Spiritual Distress Characteristics

A

Concern with the meaning of life, suffering, and/or death
Concern about the belief system
Anger toward God/religious representatives
No longer participates in religious practices
Concern about his/her relationship with God
Questions meaning of own existence
Feels guilt, shame, remorse
Feels helpless and hopeless
Seeks spiritual assistance
Demonstrates gallows humor
Suffers from sleep disturbances
Alterations in mood or behavior

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22
Q

Spiritual Assessment

A

Faith/Belief
Life and Self-Responsibility
Connectedness to God or higher power and others
Life Satisfaction
Culture
Fellowship and Community
Ritual and Practice
Vocation

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23
Q

Nursing Care

A

Nurse-Patient Relationship
Compassionate Presence
Active listening to fears, hopes, dreams, and pain
Respect
Freedom of choice
No judgment
Use of support systems
Diet
Prayer/meditation

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24
Q

Nursing Actions

A

Offer to contact the pastoral care department
Plan activities to promote the healing of body, mind, and spirit
Offer to teach relaxation, guided imagery, and meditation technique

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25
Religion
organized beliefs and worship "state of doing"
26
Agnostic
a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence or nature of God or of anything beyond material phenomena; a person who claims neither faith nor disbelief in God.
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Atheist
a person who disbelieves or lacks belief in the existence of God or gods and an ultimate reality
28
Roman Catholicism
May desire Eucharist or mass daily Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick Last Rites Baptism of infants if prognosis is grave Praying the Rosary Meat-free diet on Fridays during lent Birth Control may be prohibited Confession
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Mormonism/ Church of Latter Day Saints
Joseph Smith – prophet Healthful living (no tea, alcohol, coffee or tobacco). Believe in Jesus Forgiveness of sins Baptism for the newborn Last rites Communion
30
Jehovah's Witness
Do not celebrate birthdays or holidays. Refusal of blood products/no blood in food Does not believe in an immediate afterlife Jehovah is God – there is no trinity
31
Mennonites
Christian Pacifism Many speak low German and/or Spanish Modest apparel for women Caps indicate submission and headship order God > man > woman
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Islam (Muslim)
May engage in prayer three to five times a day facing Mecca. Face, hands, and feet are washed before prayer Right hand is used for everything but elimination No pork or alcohol Gender concordant care Modesty
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Judaism
Kosher certified foods Sabbath is from sunset Friday to sunset Saturday Sabbath may not want to use call light Cremation is prohibited or highly discouraged Daily prayers are valued Circumcisions
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Buddhism
No belief in a personal creator/God Mindfulness and mental clarity Quiet and peaceful environment. May be vegetarian Prefer family to bathe, toilet, feed… Suffering is a part of life Karma
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Hinduism
Reincarnation Personal hygiene is important and must be daily Cremation common on day 2 after death Right hand for eating, left hand for toileting. Many are vegetarians Accept death and illness as part of life Elders have a strong influence on decision making
36
Diversity
The **unique** variations between individuals are informed by **genetics and cultural background, refined by experience and personal choice**.
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Variations of Individuals
Race Gender Sexual orientation Age Education Abilities/disabilities Life Experiences Geographic Parental Status Language Profession/Occupation
38
Culture
**Learned and shared beliefs** involving: Knowledge, behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, habits, work and lifestyle practices, traditions, languages, **symbols, rituals**, expression of thoughts and emotions, **ceremonies, and practices** that are unique to a particular group of people.
39
Transcultural Nursing
Leininger comparative study of cultures to understand similarities and differences across human groups.
40
Cultural Sensitivity
being aware of cultural similarities and differences of others with out assigning them value based on similarities or differences.
41
Cultural competence
requires acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to ensure delivery of culturally congruent care.
42
Cultural awareness
self-exam of one’s own bias
43
Cultural knowledge
sound education base about diversity
44
Cultural skills
gathering information through a cultural assessment and being aware of physical findings that are based on race/ethnicity
45
Cultural encounters
engage face to face
46
Cultural desire
want to engage with diverse populations
47
Cultural Congruent Care
-Demonstrates respect, equity and empathy -Participates in lifelong learning to understand cultural preferences -Creates an inventory of one’s own values, beliefs and cultural heritage -Applies knowledge of variation in health beliefs, practices and communication patterns -Respects decisions based on age, tradition, belief and family influence -Promotes equal access to services, tests, interventions, health promotion -Educates nurse colleagues and other professionals about cultural similarities and differences -Considers the effects and impact of discrimination…
48
Bias (unconscious and implicit)
One sidedness, tendency to lean a certain way. Lack of impartiality.
49
Prejudices
Negative attitudes towards others based on race, gender, sexual orientation…
50
Ethnocentrism
Believing your way of living is superior to others. Cause of biases and prejudices
51
Cultural imposition
Use their own values and lifestyles and the absolute guide in dealing with patients.
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Cultural Stereotype
All people of a certain racial or ethnic group are alike in certain aspects.
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Discrimination
Behavior manifestations of prejudices
54
Culture and Life Transitions
Pregnancy Childbirth Newborn Grief and Loss
55
Cultural and Healthcare
How different cultures view the following variables affects health care in significant ways: What is the patient’s definition of health? Health Promotion and Protection: how is health achieved and maintained? Practitioners and Remedies: Who and what can heal a person?
56
Cultural Assessment
Family structure Communication patterns Foods with cultural significance Time orientation Space Control
57
Cultural Assessment Questions
How do you prefer to be addressed? Where were you born? Your parents? Your grandparents? How long have you been in the US Are you more comfortable reading materials in your native language if other than English? How are important healthcare decisions made in your family? Are there certain health care procedures and tests that your culture prohibits?
58
Ethnicity
A cultural group’s shared identity such as values, language, geographical space, racial characteristics
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Race
The grouping of people based on biological similarities and attributes
60
Diversity Attitude Scale
Celebration = “We need each other.” Affirmation = “I’ve got something to learn from you.” Civility = “I respect your rights.” Tolerance = “You have a right to be here.” Intolerance = “I’ll work to keep you out”
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Improving Your relationships with different kinds of people
Honestly assess your attitudes Put yourself in perspective with others Respect differences but don’t overlook similarities Search for more knowledge Treat people as individuals rather than stereotyping them
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Worldview
Set of assumptions which guides how people perceive the world around them. Viewing the world through a lens which was created throughout our life
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Etic
outsider perspective
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Emic
insider perspective
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Health disparities
A health difference because of a social, economic or environmental disadvantage or part of marginalized groups (people of color, gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, physically or mentally challenged and people not college educated)
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What are these Examples of? Black males have a higher incidence of colorectal cancer than white males American Indian and Alaskan natives have a higher incidence of Diabetes Type 2 than whites.
Health disparities
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Stressors and Stress
Physical, emotional or psychological perceived demands that may lead to growth, personal development or a crisis
68
Stress is the result of an
exposure to a stressor
69
Fight or Flight Response stimulates what part of CNS
SYMPATHETIC
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Parasympathetic
feed, breed, and rest
71
Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome
Any event (stressor) that threatens an individual leads to a 3 stage response Alarm Resistance Exhaustion
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Consequences of Stress
Highly variable Type and number of stressors Anticipated stressor Perception of stressors Length of time that stressor occurs Type of coping mechanism implemented Resilience of individual/feelings of competence Previous experiences State of health Available resources
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Medical History Assessment
General state of health Illnesses Surgeries Medications Treatments Use of alcohol, tobacco and/or drugs Changes in sleep, eating, sexual patterns
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Social Assessment
Perception of Threat Past Coping Patterns Family dynamics/friends Work/recreation Living environment Financial
75
General Assessment (observable)
General description and appearance Behavior Communication/Speech Mood, affect and feelings Judgment/Insight Physical exam
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S/S of Stress Cognitive
Decreased concentration, comprehension, & memory
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S/S of Stress Behavioral
Irritability, withdrawal, violence
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S/S of Stress Emotional
Fear, anxiety, depression, fatigue
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S/S of Stress Physiological
Increased BP, HR, Respirations, etc Somatic symptoms Decreased immune response
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Coping mechanisms
ways to which external or internal stress is managed, adapted to or acted upon. Susan Folkman and Richard Lazarus define coping as "constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and/or internal demands that are appraised as taxing"
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edTeach Coping Skills
Regular Exercise Support systems Time management Guided imagery/visualization Progressive muscle relaxation Assertiveness training Journal Writing Positive affirmations Massage Pets Prayer/meditation Music Singing Laughter Aromatherapy Sleep Healthy eating Decrease the use of phones/internet Organization B vitamins Sex Hugging

Module 1 (Intro To Basics) (32 decks)

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