Hygiene Flashcards
Hygiene definition
Conditions or practices of cleanliness conductive to health
What is the first line of defense?
Skin
skin/mucosal cells essential to health of the body
What is the body’s largest organ?
Skin
What are the functions of the skin?
Protection
Secretion
Excretion
Temperature Regulation
Sensation
Epidermis
Several thin layers of epithelial cells
Shield underlying cells
Dermis
Support epidermis and contains collagen, nerve fibers, blood vessels, glands, hair follicles
What glands are in the dermis?
Sweat and sebaceous
Sebaceous glands
Secrete sebum (oily, odorless fluid into hair follicles) which softens, lubricates skin, slows water loss, bacterial action
Subcutaneous tissue
Nerves, blood vessels, nerves, lymph, and connective tissue filled with fat tissue/cells
- Fat insulates
- Cushions upper layers
- Loosely secure skin to underlying tissues
Normal nails look like
Transparent, smooth, and convex
Pink nail bed and translucent white tip
What does normal mucosa look like?
Light pink, soft, moist, smooth , no lesions
Xerostomia
Dry mouth
Gingivitis
Inflammation of gums
Dental caries
Tooth decay
What can impair salivary secretion?
Medications
Exposure to radiation
Mouth breathing
What is a reflection of general health status via growth, distribution, and pattern?
Hair
Sensitive sensory tissues are
Eyes
Nose
Ears
Good hygiene practices include
Support function and stability of the skin, mucosa and other functions
Promote self image
Provide comfort
What should you consider about the patient when performing hygiene?
Social, socioeconomic status, personal preferences, health beliefs and motivation, developmental stages, physical conditions, body image
Nursing actions for hygiene (things to remember for a patient)
Utilize knowledge
Culture and developmental
No judgement
Professional standards
Outside the box
Maintain confidence
Nursing process while giving hygiene to a patient
Agree to timing and results
Adapt to culture and resources
Allow for independence and assist when needed
Privacy
Maintain warmth
Safety during hygiene
Side rails
Test temperature
Nursing safety with hygiene
Proper body alignment
Benefits of bathing
Removed sweat, dirt, and bacteria
Prevent skin problems
Refreshes/comforts
Stimulates circulation/passive excercise
Opportunity to communicate and physical assessment
If you need to give a patient a shower and the patient is weak, what equipment should you use?
Shower chair
Sitz bath
Perineal and anal areas for treatment and comfort
Perineal Care importance to prevent
Skin breakdown
Perineal risk factors
Urinary/fecal incontinence
Rectal and perineal surgical dressings
In dwelling catheters
Morbid obesity
What is the difference between soap and water Vs CHG?
Soap and water is a reservoir for bacteria and transmission of hospital acquired infections
CHG has less bacterial growth and disposable cloths
CHG
Chlorinexidine Gluconate
What are the 3 points of a patient room hygiene?
Clean up clutter
Maintain comfort - temperature, noise, lighting, vent, odors
Bed Table Clean ( No urinals or bedpans )
What are the 4 moments beds need to be changed?
If linens are not soiled, not changed daily
Soiled linens changed when needed
Ambulatory, showering, bathroom
Bedridden then occupied bed making
Critical of Hygiene
Honor requests
Meds if needed
Safety bed rails
Proper body mechanics
Raise bed
Privacy and modesty
Keep warm
Change gloves and water
