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Module 1 (Intro To Basics) > Pharmacology 4 & Vaccines > Flashcards

Pharmacology 4 & Vaccines Flashcards

1
Q

Tetanus is attained through

A

through cuts, scratches, or wounds

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2
Q

Active Immunity Examples

A

vaccines

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3
Q

Pneumonia high risk

A

young, old, and smokers

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4
Q

TD

A

Tetanus and diphtheria

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5
Q

Tetanus-Diphtheria booster is given every

A

ten years

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6
Q

People who should not get flu vaccine

A

Guillain-Barré syndrome

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7
Q

Acquired Immunity

A

antibody exposure

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8
Q

Influenza occurs between

A

October and May

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9
Q

Shingles are caused by

A

Varicella Zoster

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10
Q

Passive Immunity

A

transfer of antibodies

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11
Q

Tetanus S/S

A

muscle tightening

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12
Q

Diptheria

A

thick coating in throat

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13
Q

Shingles vaccine is for ages

A

50 +

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14
Q

Integrative Health

A

a coordinated approach to using complementary and conventional medicine

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15
Q

Complementary Medicine

A

used together with conventional medicine

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16
Q

Alternative

A

used in place of conventional medications

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17
Q

Traditional

A

seeking care from healthcare

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18
Q

Conventional

A

focus on the physical components of ill patients
emphasis on diagnostic and cure of symptoms
medications and surgery

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19
Q

Alternative medicine looks at

A

holistic “multibody’
the complexity of each person
self-healing forces, spirituality, and balance

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20
Q

Thought Process
Complementary/Alternative Medicine

A

-self-reliance on healing
-body has its own energy for healing
-use of nutrition and natural products
-emphasis on individuals
-the strong connection between mind and body

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21
Q

CAM (Complementary Alternative Meds)

A

-overall dissatisfaction with conventional healthcare
-a desire for greater control over one’s health
-need to blend cultural and philosophical congruence with personal beliefs about health and illnesses
-belief in the effectiveness of alternative therapies

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22
Q

Major Areas: when CAMs are used

A

anxiety
pain
illnesses
depression
insomnia

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23
Q

Reflexology/Massage Therapy

A

strengthen circulatory and respiratory systems
increase endorphins
regulate metabolism
enhance immune system

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24
Q

Acupressure/Acupuncture is used to relieve

A

pain
migraine/headaches
anesthesia

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25
Yoga
- life forces in correct balance and flow - concentration, strength, flexibility, symbolic movements - breathing, movements, and posture
26
Tai Chi
-promotes the flow of energy throughout the body - reduces symptoms of fibromyalgia - used in cardiac rehab programs, can lower bp
27
Reiki - energy balance
- Japanese technique for stress reduction and relaxation promoting healing -unseen "life forces energy" flows through us and is what causes us to be alive
28
Biologically Based Therapies
-dietary therapies -herbs -aromatherapy -vitamins
29
Reasons for dietary supplement use
- perceived as "safer and healthier" - a sense of **control** - emotional **comfort** - **cultural** influence - limited access to healthcare - **convenience** **- aggressive marketing**
30
Who regulates herbals and nutrition supplements?
FDA, categorically labeled food
31
DSHEA (1994)
Packaging labeled with adverse effects, impurities, adulterates, variability
32
CGmp
Required quality control procedures Label active and inactive ingredients
33
DSNDCPA (2006)
Report deaths, hospitalization, life threatening experiences, persistent or signs of disability, birth defects
34
USP, Consumer Lab
United States Cornucopia - CGmp, purity, identity, potency, dissolution, accuracy of labeling
35
Major drawback of Herbals
May delay important diagnosis or treatment
36
Nursing Interventions of Herbals
Make certain PCP is aware of use of herbals
37
What actions should a nurse take when pt is using herbals?
What to access and instruct a pt regarding herbal therapy - Always ask about herbals when getting med history - “ why do you use herbals?” - teach them to look for standardized labels
38
Common Used herbals
Gingko Bilboa Garlic Ginger Root Feverfew Echinacea St. John’s Wort Valerian Kava Ephedra Cannabis CBD
39
What is the goal of pt education with herbals?
Teach them to be informed consumers
40
Gingko Bilboa
Reduce memory problems, dementia, and Peripheral Vascular Disease - antioxidant and vasodilator properties - cause bleeding when used with anticoagulants - avoid before surgery
41
Garlic
Lower cholesterol, lower BP, natural antibiotic - natural anti platelet agent - potential es anti diabetic drugs - avoid before surgery
42
Ginger Root
Treat nausea, joint pain Cause bleeding, irregular heart beat, increased BP, abnormal blood sugar levels
43
Feverfew
Migraine prophylaxis - increase risk of bleeding - cause contractions
44
Echinacea
Builds immunity, wound healing - cause immune suppression after 8 weeks
45
St. John’s Wort
May ease mild to severe depression - contraindicated for major depression - do not use with other antidepressants
46
Valerian Root
Help with sleep - generally safe but ineffective - potentiates CNS depressants (alcohol)
47
Kava
- relieves anxiety, promotes sleep, relax muscles - liver damage - Outlawed in many countries
48
Ephedra
Outlawed and banned from sale in US Performance enhancing and weight loss Damage to heart and CNS
49
Cannabis and CBD
Nausea, pain control and anxiety Mary-noal cannabis is prescription form Addictive and gate way drug Help cancer and chronic pain
50
Mind/Body Interventions
Yoga, mediation, spirituality, relaxation, guided imagery, hippo therapy, music therapy
51
Hippotherapy
Equine Physical therapy, anxiety, brain trauma, muscle help cerebral Palsy
52
Music Therapy
Combination of physical, emotional, cognitive, and social - lowers cortisol, and reduce anxiety - treats insomnia - facilitates learning and elevates mood
53
Nurse’s Role
Educate public Teach signs of fraud Avoid healers Non judgmental Build rapport by showing respect to pt CAM beneficial Dangerous if interact with conventional Popular and increasing Herbals significant effect with prescriptions
54
Signs of fraud and healers
Immediate relief Only way to go Refuse to work with others Claim all answers Testimonials
55
Vaccines
Protect against harmful diseases Effective All age benefits Protect public health Highly vetted by CDC and FDA
56
Outbreaks can occur without
Herd immunity
57
What is the best protection against diseases
Immunization
58
Vaccines for adults
Influenza Tetanus Diphtheria Shingles Pneumonia
59
Vaccine Info Statements
Informs benefits and risks Produced by CDC and required by law Given prior to every dose Regardless of age ( 5th grade reading level) 40 + languages
60
Influenza vaccine
Every year ( 65 + and mother need or chronic health) Inactivated virus If sick hold off until well 2 weeks for effects
61
Influenza Outbreaks occur
October through May
62
What is herd immunity
form of indirect protection that applies only to contagious diseases. It occurs when a sufficient percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, whether through previous infections or vaccination, thereby reducing the likelihood of infection for individuals who lack immunity
63
Pneumonia vaccine
Recommendation for 65 +, young adults with diseases Serious meningitis or bloodstream infections
64
Shingles
Same as chickenpox Commonly seen in flanks, face, or sides 50+ 2 dose series Don’t if pregnancy or breast feeding
65
TD and Tdap
tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis - every 10 years - pregnant women need every pregnancy Tdap only for 7 +
66
What do you document about vaccines?
Edition date of VIS, date provided Office address, name, and title of person administrative Date of vaccine Manufacturing and lot number

Module 1 (Intro To Basics) (32 decks)

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