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Module 1 (Intro To Basics) > Non-Parenteral Meds > Flashcards

Non-Parenteral Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacological Components

A

Med names (generic mostly used)
classification (group of meds similar and treat same conditions)
med forms (pills, injections, supplements, topical, drops

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2
Q

Adverse Drug Reactions

A

unintentional and undesired effects at a normal dose
Side effects= are predictable, intensity dose-dependent, and varies

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3
Q

Toxicity

A

severe ADR
-excessive drug dosing or therapeutic drug dosage

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4
Q

Drowsy with antihistamine
Gastric irritation with aspirin

Is it a sign of what?

A

Adverse Drug Reaction

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5
Q

Respiratory depression from morphine

Is it a sign of what?

A

Toxicity

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6
Q

Allergic Reactions

A

immune response
the intensity of the reaction vary
not based on dosage
sensitivity of drug change over time

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7
Q

Idiosyncratic

A

uncommon response due to genetic disposition

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8
Q

Paradoxical

A

opposite effect of intended effect

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9
Q

Iatrogenic

A

disease caused by drugs

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10
Q

Teratogenic

A

cause of birth defects

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11
Q

Physical dependence

A

adapt to drug exposures
-opioids, barbituates, amphetamines, psych meds
-abstinence syndrome

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12
Q

Abstinence syndrome

A

warm pt of abrupt discontinuing
harmful effects if continue abruptly

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13
Q

Identification of symptoms

A

when occurred?
symptoms leave after discontinued
harmful effects if continue abruptly

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14
Q

Ways to mimimize ADR

A

education
early id
monitoring
black box warnings

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15
Q

Oral Meds

A

tablets/caplets/capsules
Modified release
syrups
suspensions

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16
Q

Modified release

A

-Delayed-eneteric coated
-Extended-controlled relase, sustained, and long-lasting
-oral disintergrating

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17
Q

Administering Oral Meds

A

pt position from semi-fowler’s to high fowlers
assess for potential aspiration
open packaged meds in the room
offer within 1-3 if doable
administration of solids and liquids
Always supervise swallowing
always where gloves

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18
Q

Always watch the pt swallow drugs why?

A

may swallow or pocket drugs in cheeks

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19
Q

If they have difficulty with scored or crushed tablets, put them in

A

applesauce or ice cream

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20
Q

How do you test pt for aspirations?

A

before ask them to take a drink of water

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21
Q

The higher the HOB, the

A

better ability to swallow

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22
Q

At what level does the cup need to be to have the right amount

A

eye level

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23
Q

Avoid PO meds if

A

Change in LOC
NPO status
Altered GI function (HG tube with suction, N/V)
Dysphagia

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24
Q

EC

A

Enteric coated

25
Q

SR

A

Sustained release

26
Q

TR

A

Time released

27
Q

CR

A

Controlled delivery

28
Q

SL

A

Sublingual

29
Q

DO NOT RUSH to

A

CRUSH

30
Q

How do you use the pill-splitter?

A

clean pill splitter with an alcohol swab before and after use
use gloves
remove pill from packaging
position pill to be split where scored

31
Q

If you do not know if you should split, what do you do?

A

Call pharmacy

32
Q

Topical Meds

A

medications applied to body surfaces or mucous membranes

33
Q

Topical Medications include

A

skin application
eye instillation
ear instillation
vaginal instillation
rectal instillation

34
Q

Types of Topical meds

A

powders
creams/pastes/gel/ointments
drops
ointments
aerosols/sprays
medicated patches
suppositories

35
Q

Administering Topical Medications

A

assess skin integrity prior to application
clean previous and present areas well
avoid shaving
measure if needed (usually an inch)
apply as directed on the bottle
Always wear gloves
Cover with dressing if order allows

36
Q

Transdermal Medicated Patches Steps

A

Remove and Clean the previous area before replacing
Replace patch in a new location without hair or irritation noted
Date, Time, and Initial patch
Always wear gloves
Most are DO NOT CUT
Remove for MRI and AED
Avoid heating pads

37
Q

Rectal Suppositories

A

Ask if they need to go to the bathroom
Explain procedure
Left lateral side-laying (SIMS)
Don gloves - remove the packaging
Prep the med (water-soluble lubrication)
Relaxation techniques (deep breaths)
Proper insertion (1 and 1/2 inches)
Patient teaching (stay laying like that for 10 mins - and don’t push out)

38
Q

Vaginal Medications

A

Explain Procedure
Do peri-care if incontinent
Lithotomy Position
Don gloves - remove the packaging
Proper insertion/application (lubricate)
Patient teaching (pt may administer own, may need perineal pad)

39
Q

How far do you insert the vaginal medication?

A

2-3 inches gently further in vagina

40
Q

Eye drops are commonly used for

A

eye infections

41
Q

Administering EYE Medications

A

know the med and why
Explain the procedure and instructions
Don gloves
Position pt and eyelid (holding hand on the lower eyelid down)
Instill as prescribed (ointment is spread on the bottom inside lid)
Tissue and pressure on the lacrimal duct part of eye for a few seconds to prevent going systemic

42
Q

The tip of the bottle or tube must not touch the eye or lashes because

A

contamination

43
Q

Ear drops are commonly used for

A

ear infections

44
Q

What temperature do the ears and the medications need to be to prevent irritation?

A

warm or room temp

45
Q

Administering ear medications

A

Explain the procedure and instructions
Don gloves
Turn your head or lie on the unaffected side
Position auricle
Instill prescribed amount

46
Q

Adult ear positioning

A

back and up

47
Q

Child ear positioning

A

down and back

48
Q

Inhalants common use

A

infections
asthma
COPD

49
Q

Administering Inhalers

A

pre-post assessment (listen to lungs)
Explain procedure
Position pt and inhaler/spacer (sitting up)
Shake the MDI 5-6 times
Instruct them to deep breaths and then exhale
Tilt head back slightly
depress the canister once and then inhale slowly
hold your breath for 5-10 secs +
Wait 1 min then repeat if prescribed
Rinse Mouth especially if steroid

50
Q

MDI Spacers are used for

A

older adults and children

51
Q

How do you use an MDI Spacer

A

attach the mouthpiece of an inhaler to the spacer
shake inhaler
pt seals mouth on the spacer
press inhaler then inhale
Remove inhaler from spacer and recap both

52
Q

DPI

A

usually has dose counter
pull the lever back to load inhaler
hold it flat like hamburger (do not tilt)
put mouth around mouthpiece after exhaling
quickly inhale and hold breathe
take empty capsule and throw away
clean mouthpiece

53
Q

If strong medication tastes in the mouth

A

you did not do it correctly

54
Q

If they have multiple inhalers

A

wait at least 2-5 mins between medication
1st - Bronchodilators
2nd - Steroids
Rinse

55
Q

When do you check the verification steps

A

Acknowledge Prescriber’s Orders
Check eMAR vs Meds at Pyxis
Check eMAR vs. Meds and pt at the bedside

56
Q

Components of Drug Label

A

expiration date
lot number
drug form
manufacturer
generic name
brand name
dosage

57
Q

What do you teach the pt about their meds?

A

name of meds (trade and generic)
dosage
route
frequency
reason
possible side effects

58
Q

Full step of administering meds

A

1)Acknowledge Prescriber’s Orders
2)Perform hand hygiene and gather supplies
3)Correct meds vs eMAR at pyxis
4)Knocked, AIDET, hand hygiene
5) Carry meds to bedside (keep in sight at all times)
6)Allergies
7) Verify pt with name and DOB and scan armband
8)Perform Qualified Nursing checks prior to admin meds
9)Advise pt on meds and needed information
-Questions/Concerns/Refusal
10)Scan each med before administering
11)Administer meds correctly
12)Save meds and document
13)Safety and 4Ps
14)Hand hygiene and out the door

Module 1 (Intro To Basics) (32 decks)

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