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Module 1 (Intro To Basics) > Pharmacology Quiz 1 (Chapter 1-3) > Flashcards

Pharmacology Quiz 1 (Chapter 1-3) Flashcards

1
Q

Drug definition

A

any chemical that affects living processes

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2
Q

Pharmacology

A

study of drugs and interactions with living things

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3
Q

Clinical Pharmacology

A

study of drugs in humans

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4
Q

Therapeutics

A

use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat diseases or pregnancy

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5
Q

In a perfect world, What are the ideal functions of an ideal drug? (3)

A

*Effective
*Safe
*Selective

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6
Q

In a perfect world, what are the additional functions an ideal drug would have?

A

Reversible (null/metabolize)
Predictability
Ease of administering (convenient route/ low dose regimen, pt adherence, less risk)
Freedom drug interaction (no drug to drug interactions)
Low cost
Chemical stability with the same potency
Simple generic name

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7
Q

What is the ultimate goal of a therapeutic drug?

A

provide maximum benefits with minimum harm

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8
Q

A drug becomes toxic when given

A

too much of a dose

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9
Q

A drug becomes ineffective if given

A

too little of a dose

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10
Q

T/F
No 2 people respond the same to a drug.

A

True

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11
Q

What are the sources of individual variation?

A

Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacodynamics

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12
Q

What is the ultimate concern of administering a drug?

A

Intensity of response

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13
Q

Administration variations

A

poor patient adherence
Medication errors

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14
Q

Pharmacokinetics variations

A

absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion

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15
Q

Pharmacokinetics definition

A

how drug moves through the body

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16
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

how the drug affects the body

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17
Q

What determines the nature and intensity of the response?

A

pharmacodynamics

18
Q

Nursing Process: Systematic approach

A

methodical
logical
orderly

19
Q

What guides the nursing process decisions?

A

medication (stop med errors)
safety (pt care and education)
regulation
checks and balances

20
Q

The prescribed dose:
Method and Errors

A

Administration

-Med errors (7 rights)
-Pt adherence

21
Q

Concentration at the site:
Pharmacokinetics variation and errors

A

Pharmacokinetics
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion

22
Q

AAPIE

A

(Pre) Assessment and Analysis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation

23
Q

Concentration at the site:
Pharmacodynamics variation and errors

A
  • drug receptor
  • pt functional state
  • placebo effects
24
Q

Concentration at the site:
Sources of variation and errors

A
  • physiological
  • pathological
25
Q

(Pre) Assessment includes

A

-Baseline = history, physical exam, lab results, BP/VS, blood sugar, height, and weight
-High Risk = liver/kidney, impairment, genetic, allergies, pregnancy, elderly, pediatric
-Capacity for Self-care

26
Q

Analysis includes

A

Nurse Diagnosis
- Judge: appropriate prescription drug regimen
- Identity: potential health problem that drug can cause

27
Q

Planning includes

A

Establish objective criteria for evaluation
- define goals
- set priority
- ID specific intervention

28
Q

Implementation includes

A

drug administration to education to intervention
- know when early signs, med response, manage toxicity
- therapeutic effects, minimize adverse effects and drug effects, make prn decision

29
Q

Evaluation includes

A

therapeutic response
adverse drug reaction and interaction

30
Q

What type of drug trials do drugs go through?

A

randomized control trial (volunteer or pt well-established)
randomization
blinding (single or double)

31
Q

What trial is the best for accurate results?

A

double-blind (no one knows what med is given)

32
Q

Stages of Drug Development

A

1- preclinical testing
2- clinical testing stage 1: healthy people tested on metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and biological effects
3- stage 2: therapeutic use and dose range
4- stage 3: safety and effectiveness
5- Post clinical: surveillance

33
Q

After what stage does FDA give approval?

A

Stage 3
before post clinicals

34
Q

Tylenol generic name

A

acetaminophen

35
Q

Lithobid generic name

A

Lithium Carbonate

36
Q

Toprol, Lopressor generic name

A

Metoprolol succinate

37
Q

Label Requirements by Pure Food and Drug Act 1906

A
  • plain, readable, user friendly
  • active ingredient and inactive ingredients
  • uses
  • warnings
  • directions
    Educate pt on drug labels and approvals
38
Q

OTC drugs are used for illness ___ % of the time.

A

60

39
Q

Approximately how much money do OTC companies make each year?

A

30 billion

40
Q

What percentage of drugs is initially self treated with OTC drugs?

A

60-90

41
Q

What is the average number of OTC drugs in a household?

A

24

42
Q

Clinical testing is not done on these individuals

A

women and children

Module 1 (Intro To Basics) (32 decks)

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