Species specific eye lesions Flashcards
What ocular diseases do dogs typically get (14)?
glaucoma, idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic anterior uveitis, cataract, blastomycosis, intraocular neoplasms, retinal degeneration and atrophy, granulomatous episcleritis, conjunctival neoplasms, pannus, periocular/retrobulbar cellulitis or abscess, entropion and ectropion, hypertrophy of gland of 3rd eyelid, chalazion, eyelid tymors
What is glaucoma?
disease due to a persistent increase in intraocular pressure
What are the types of glaucoma?
primary and secondary
What is the difference between primary and secondary glaucoma?
primary glaucoma develops without apparent acquired disease and secondary develops due to an acquired disease
What other ocular lesion is primary glaucoma typically associated with?
goniodysgenesis
How does secondary glaucoma develop?
the acquired intra-ocular disease occludes the iridocorneal angle, obstructing aqueous humor resorption
What lesions are caused by glaucoma?
retinal degeneraton, cavitation of the optic disk, buphthalmos, scleral injection, and corneal striae
What part of the retina does glaucoma cause degeneration in?
the inner segments of the non-tapetal retina
What are corneal striae?
streaks of edema due to small tears in Descemet’s membrane
What is blastomycosis?
severe pyogranulomatous endophthalmitis
What causes blastomycosis?
B. dermatitidis in the choroid, subretinal space, and vitreous chamber
What intraocular neoplasms do dogs get?
uveal melanoma, ciliary body epithelial tumor, and lymphosarcoma
What are some examples of retinal degeneration and atrophy that dogs get?
progressive RA and sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS)
What is SARDS?
sudden onset of photoreceptor degeneration
What type of neoplasms do canines get in their conjunctiva?
hemangiosarcoma and squamous cell carcinomas
What is chalazion?
granulomatous meibomian gland adenitis and blepharitis
What eyelid tumors do dogs get?
melanoma, meibomian gland tumors, and squamous cell carcinomas
What ocular diseases do cats get?
ulcerative keratitis, chlamydial conjunctivitis, corneal sequestration, FIP uveitis, cryptococcosis, intra-ocular neoplasms, retinal degeneration
What causes ulcerative keratitis?
feline herpesvirus
What causes chlamydial conjunctivitis?
chlamydophila felis
What is the pathogenesis of FIP uveitis?
begins with anterior uveitis, then panuveitis, then endophthalmitis
What is cryptococcosis?
severe granulomatous endophthalmitis
What causes cryptococcosis?
C. neoformans in choroid, subretinal space, and vitreous chamber
What intraocular neoplasms do cats get?
diffuse iris melanoma, lymphosarcoma, and trauma-induced intra-ocular sarcoma
What causes retinal degeneration in cats?
taurine deficiency and fluoroquinolone toxicosis
What ocular diseases do horses get?
mycotic keratitis, squamous cell carcinoma, periocular nematode infection, and equine recurrent uveitis
What is mycotic keratitis secondary to?
corneal erosions/ulcers
What bacteria can cause mycotic keratitis in horses?
Aspergillus
What can mycotic keratitis result in?
a perforated ulcer and endophthalmitis
Where do squamous cell carcinomas typically manifest in horses?
the eyelids and 3rd eyelids
What lesion is associated with periocular nematode infection?
eosinophilic granulomatous conjunctivitis/lacrimal adenitis
What is thought to be the cause of equine recurrent uveitis?
a cross reaction of intrinsic uveal antigens with antibodys to leptospira antigens
What ocular diseases do cows get?
infectious keratoconjunctivitis, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphosarcoma, and malignant catarrhal fever
What is infectious keratoconjunctivitis?
pink eye
What does infectious keratoconjunctivitis lead to?
perforation and iris prolapse
Where do cows get squamous cell carcinomas?
on their eyelids
What typically happens with ocular lymphosarcomas in cattle?
they are typically involved with the back of the eye which eventually pushes it out
What causes malignant catarrhal fever?
ovine herpesvirus 2
What does malignant catarrhal fever cause?
lymphoplasmacytic vasculitis and panuveitis
