Special Senses Part 3 - The ear Flashcards
What is the general function of the external, middle and internal ear?
External ear:
Collects sounds waves and channels them inward.
Middle ear:
Conveys sound vibrations to the oval window.
Internal ear:
Houses the receptors for hearing and equilibrium.
Where do the waves collected by the external ear travel through?
These waves travel from the auricle –> external acoustic meatus (or external auditory canal) –> towards the tympanic membrane.
Label the bone features of the ear?
What is the middle ear called and where is it located?
–> It is also called the tympanic cavity.
–> It is a small, air-filled cavity within the petrous part of the temporal bone.
Name the 3 auditory ossicles?
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Fill in the blank of the 3 auditory ossicles:
The malleus is attached to the _______________ membrane.
The incus articulates with the __________ & __________ bones.
The stapes covers the ______________ window.
What are the 2 muscles of the middle ear?
Stapedius
Tensor tympani
Fill in the blank of the 2 muscles of the middle ear which prevent damage from excessively loud noises:
Stapedius restricts movement of the _________________.
Tensor tympani restricts movement of the ______________.
What does the auditory tube connect?
It connects tympanic cavity
with nasopharynx.
What is the function of the auditory tube (or pharyngotympanic
tube)?
What are the 2 openings into the osseous labyrinth?
Oval window
Round window
Fill in the blank of the 2 windows of the middle ear:
The oval window opens into the upper part of the osseous (bony)
cochlea called the scala _____________.
It is covered by the ___________ (bone).
The round window opens into the lower part of the osseous
cochlea called the scala _____________.
It is covered by the ________________ (membrane)
Label the parts of the middle ear?
What does the inner ear contain and what is its function?
The vestibulocochlear organ, concerned with the reception of sound and the maintenance of balance.
What are the 2 main divisions of the inner ear?
The outer bony labyrinth
The inner membranous labyrinth
Name the 3 parts of the bony labyrinth?
Identify where the bony labyrinth is located and what fluid it is filled with?
Vestibule
Cochlea
Semicircular canals
Location:
A space within the petrous part of the temporal bone and is filled with perilymph.
What do each part of the bony labyrinth contain?
Cochlea:
Contains the cochlear duct of the membranous labyrinth.
Vestibule:
Contains the utricle and saccule of the membranous labyrinth.
Semicircular canals:
Contain the semicircular ducts of the membranous labyrinth.
What does the vestibule of the bony labyrinth open into?
Opens into the tympanic cavity via the _____________ window.
What does the membranous labyrinth consist of?
Where is the membranous labyrinth suspended and what is it filled with?
- Consists of a series of membranous sacs and ducts.
- Suspended within the
bony (osseous) labyrinth and is filled with endolymph.
Name the 4 parts of the membranous labyrinth?
Cochlear duct
Utricle
Saccule
Semicircular ducts
Where does the cochlear duct of the membranous labyrinth open into?
Opens directly into the saccule.
What is the ‘spiral organ’ or ‘Organ of Corti’?
What is its function?
The receptor organ for hearing, which is located within the membranous cochlear duct.
Function:
Plays the primary role in the transduction of sound.
What is the name of the specialised sensory epithelium located in the utricle?
What is its function?
Where does the semicircular ducts of the membranous labyrinth open into?
Open into the utricle and contain the ampullary crests.
