Muscular System 4 - Appendicular Muscles: Lower Limb Flashcards
Name the main groups of appendicular muscles (lower limb)?
Muscles of the gluteal region
Muscles of the thigh
Muscles of the leg
Muscles of the foot
What are the functions of muscles that cross the hip joint:
a) Anteriorly
b) Posteriorly
c) Above it
d) Medially & below it
a) Anteriorly = flex it.
b) Posteriorly = extend it.
c) Above it = abduct it.
d) Medially & below it = adduct it.
Label the muscles of the gluteal region?
Label the gluteal muscles?
Explain the function of the gluteus maximus based on its attachments and locations?
What is deep to the gluteus medius muscles?
The gluteus minimus muscle (its synergist).
Label the muscles of the thigh?
Label the muscles of the anterior thigh?
Label the quadriceps femoris muscles?
Explain the function of the anterior compartment of the muscles of the thigh based on its attachments and locations?
After all 4 parts of the quadriceps femoris merge to form the strong quadriceps femoris tendon, where do they all distally attach to?
The tibial tuberosity on the anterior proximal tibia.
Label the muscles of the posterior and medial thigh?
Explain the function of the posterior compartment of the thigh muscles based on its attachments and locations?
What is the function of medial thigh muscles?
They are the adductors of the thigh at the hip joint due to their position.
Label compartments of the leg?
Explain the function of the compartments of the leg?
Anterior compartment:
These muscles are the foot extensors and invertors.
Posterior compartment:
Deep group = flex both the digits and the foot.
Lateral compartment:
These muscles flex during eversion of the ankle joint.
Label the superficial group of the posterior leg muscles?
Explain the function of the superficial posterior leg muscles based on its attachments and locations?
Label the muscles of the foot?
Explain the function of the muscles of the foot based on its attachments and locations?
What is the function of the dorsal and plantar muscles of the foot?
Dorsal:
Dorsiflexion of the foot (pointing the toes towards the shin).
Plantar:
Plantarflexion of the foot (pointing the toes down).
Identify the prime flexors & prime extensors of the hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint?
Hip joint:
Flexor = iliopsoas, rectus femoris.
Extensor = gluteus maximus, hamstrings.
Knee joint:
Flexor = hamstrings, sartorius.
Extensor = quadriceps femoris.
Ankle joint:
Flexor = gastrocnemius, soleus.
Extensor = anterior compartment of the leg (infront of the shin).
