Muscular System 3 - Appendicular Muscles: Upper Limb

Question 1

Name the main groups of appendicular muscles (upper limb)?

Answer 1

Axio-appendicular muscles
Scapulohumeral muscles
Muscles of the arm
Muscles of the forearm
Muscles of the hand

Question 2

Where do the axio-appendicular muscles have their attachments?

Answer 2

Proximal attachments = axial skeleton
Distal attachments = appendicular skeleton

Question 3

Name representative muscles of the axio-appendicular muscles?

Answer 3

Question 4

Identify the origin, insertion and main function of the axio-appendicular muscles?

Answer 4

Question 5

Name representative muscles of the Scapulohumeral muscles?

Answer 5

Question 6

Label the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 6

Question 7

Identify the origin, insertion and main function of the scapulohumeral muscles?

Answer 7

Question 8

Label the attachments of the deltoid and explain the functions of the 3 parts of the deltoid?

Answer 8

Anterior (clavicular) deltoid:
Flexes and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder joint.

Middle deltoid:
Abducts the arm at the shoulder joint.

Posterior deltoid:
Extends and laterally rotates the arm at the shoulder joint.

Question 9

Label the muscles of the arm?

Answer 9

Question 10

Label this image of the biceps?

Answer 10

Question 11

Identify the origin, insertion and main function of the anterior compartment of the arm muscles?

Answer 11

Question 12

Label the triceps muscles and their attachments?

Answer 12

Question 13

Identify the origin, insertion and main function of the posterior compartment of the arm muscles?

Answer 13

Question 14

Label the anterior and posterior compartments of the forearm and identify what both contain?

Answer 14

Anterior compartment:
Contains the flexors.

Posterior compartment:
Contains the extensors.

Question 15

Label the attachments of the anterior and posterior compartments of the muscles of the forearm?

Answer 15

Question 16

Identify the origin, insertion and main function of the forearm muscles?

Answer 16

Question 17

Name the 3 muscle groups located on the palmar (anterior) surface of the hand?

Answer 17

Question 18

What is the function of the thenar & hypothenar group of the intrinsic hand muscles and where is the mid-palmar group located?

Answer 18

Functions:
Thenar Group = act on thumb.
Hypothenar Group = act on the pinky.

Location:
Mid-palmar Group = located in the centre of the palm.

Question 19

Identify the prime flexors & prime extensors of the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints?

Answer 19

Shoulder joint:
Flexors = anterior deltoid, pectoralis major.
Extensors = posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi.

Elbow joint:
Flexors = biceps brachii, brachialis.
Extensors = triceps brachii.

Wrist joint:
Flexors = flexors carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris.
Extensors = extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis.