Special Sense

Question 1

Tactile sensation

Answer 1

Touch, pressure,vibration(change in frequency) it is not a result of a single receptor

Question 2

Touch sensation

Answer 2

Detected by tactile receptors which are found on the skin, close to the skin or deep

Question 3

Pressure sensation

Answer 3

Result from deformation of deeper tissues, located in the skin or deep layers

Question 4

Vibration sensation

Answer 4

Result from rapidly repetitive sensory organs, change in frequency of stimulation

Question 5

Free nerve ending

Answer 5

Or sensory nerve ending, this is widely distributed on the skin, can detect touch and pressure, responds to different frequency

Question 6

Meissener’s corpuscle

Answer 6

Located at the point where the dermis meets the epidermis, it is an elongated encapsulated nerve ending fiber usually myelinated sensory nerve fiber present in fingertips and surrounded by connective tissue

Question 7

Dermeral papillae

Answer 7

The invagination of where the meissners corpuscle meets the epidermis

Question 8

Meissners corpuscle is what kind of receptor

Answer 8

Mechano receptor and exterioreceptor, and it can detect vibration

Question 9

Merkel’s disks

Answer 9

Found in the skin, tactile receptor, works with meissners corpuscle, the signal transmitted are adaptive therefore responsible for steady state signal that allow for determination of continuous touch of object against the skin..it is responsive to touch

Question 10

Iggo dome receptor

Answer 10

It is Markels disk and neuron fiber

Question 11

Hair end organ

Answer 11

Tactile receptor, sensory fiber wraps around the base of the hair follicle, movement of hair follicles activates the neuron, this a mechano and exterioreceptor

Question 12

Ruffins end organ

Answer 12

Deep touch receptor in deep tissues, can be found in the visceral, and encapsulate, found in the joint corpuscle, important for proprial reception

Question 13

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 13

Pressure receptor, deep receptor, visceral eg pancreas, found in the dermis, the structure is layers of connective tissue, the sensory fiber are unmylinated. Pressure on this receptor causes the nerve fiber to fire giving a sensory pressure

Question 14

Somatic sense

Answer 14

The nervous mechanism that collects sensory information from all over the body, that are not special sense, which touch, pressure, pain.

Question 15

Somatic senses physiological types

Answer 15

Mechanoreceptive, thermo receptive, and pain

Question 16

Mechanoreceptive

Answer 16

Mechanical distortion of the body tissues which gives rise to tactile and position sensation

Question 17

Somatic sense location of receptors

Answer 17

Exteroreceptive, visceral, and deep

Question 18

Sensory pathway to the somatosensory cortex

Answer 18

The information enters through the dorsal root to eithe the dorsal column medial lemniscal system or the antero-lateral system

Question 19

Dorsal column medial lemniscal system

Answer 19

Defined information and important information come in through the dorsal root then travel up to the brain, first in the first order sensory Neuron, then second in the second order sensory neuron. In the medulla there is cross over to the opposite side of the brain, once in the medulla there is synapse then travel to thalamus to the sensory cortex

Question 20

Anterol lateral system

Answer 20

Less defined information, crude information involving the ascending tracks, come into the dorsal root but afterward there is extensive synapsing and crossing over at the level of the spinal cord, afterwards ascending to the tract to the brainstorm , including the medulla synapses into the thalamus and sensory cortex

Question 21

Somatosensory cortex

Answer 21

Located posterial to the centre sulcus or fissure, it has 50 distinct area called the brodman’s area, the different part of the body is associated with different brodman’s area

Question 22

Somatosensory area 1

Answer 22

More critical and involves more information, for thigh, thorax, neck, shoulder,hands, finger, tongue etc

Question 23

Somatosensory area 2

Answer 23

Information from the face, leg, face, arm

Question 24

Association area

Answer 24

It’s function is to refine the signal that are already perceived

Question 25

Amorphosythesis

Answer 25

Where the is damage to the association area leading to loss of definition of shape of something or texture

Question 26

Lateral inhibition

Answer 26

As the signal goes up it can move in the lateral direction which can diminish the amount of the signal that moves up to the brain, interneurons prevents the radiation of the signals from moving laterally this strengthen the signal that the brain receives

Question 27

Propriocetive sense

Answer 27

Involves the awareness of the body parts and position related to each other

Question 28

Static proprioceptive sense

Answer 28

No movement and we can still detect our body parts

Question 29

Kinesthesia or dynamic proprioceptive sense

Answer 29

Moving and knowing where your body parts are