Social & Cultural Diversity #1 Flashcards
The term ________________ ________________ suggests that a minority cultural group will keep their own unique cultural values, yet they still participate in the wider or dominant culture.
Cultural pluralism
Counseling a client from a different social and/or cultural background is known as _______________, _______________ or _______________.
Cross-cultural counseling, multicultural counseling, or intercultural counseling
Culture refers to _______________.
Customs, values, attitudes, beliefs, art, and language shared by a group which distinguish it from other groups.
Persons who live in a culture that is different from their native culture often experience conflicting thoughts, feelings, or behaviors due to divided cultural loyalties which can be described as _______________ ________________.
Cultural conflict
The dominant culture or the culture that is accepted by the majority of citizens in a given society is called ________________ or _______________.
Macroculture or majority culture
In social psychology, the term _______________ describes an unearned advantage that affords certain individuals within a society dominance, access to resources, and subsequent power.
Privilege
The idea of _______________ _______________ connotes that a behavior cannot be assessed as good or bad except within the context of the culture in which it takes place.
Cultural relativity or cultural relativism
Books, paintings, homes, and tools can be described as _______________ _______________, while customs, values, humor, social ideas, and traditions can be called ______________ ______________.
- Material culture
- Non-material culture
_______________ refers to the identification of individuals via distinct physical or bodily characteristics such as skin color or facial features.
Race
_______________ _______________ is detrimental to the counseling process and occurs when a counselor ignores a client’s race, culture, or color.
Color blindness
_______________ ______________ describes the cultural patterns common to a given country.
National culture
_______________ _______________ _______________ emphasizes the influence of the environment on behavior rather than genetics or inborn tendencies.
Social learning theory
The three factors that enhance personal attraction are _______________, _______________, and _______________.
Close proximity, physical attraction, and similar beliefs.
The term contextualism implies that _______________.
Behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which it occurs.
A person’s perception of their relationship with the world as a whole is called _______________.
Worldview
Leon Festinger’s theory of ________________ ________________ suggests that individuals will attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs.
Cognitive dissonance
Leon Festinger’s theory of ________________ ________________ suggests that individuals will attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs.
Cognitive dissonance
Leon Festinger’s theory of ________________ ________________ suggests that individuals will attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs.
Cognitive dissonance
Culture is said to be normative which implies that ________________.
Culture provides individuals with standards of conduct.
A cultural norm describes ________________.
How people are expected to act.
Mores are _______________.
Moral norms based on the rightness or wrongness of behavior.
Folkways are _______________.
Informal norms or customs that guide socially acceptable behavior.
________________ was the first pioneer to focus heavily on sociocultural issues.
Frank Parsons
The idea of universal culture implies _______________.
That humans all have similar basic needs (e.g., food, water, air, sleep) regardless of cultural affiliation.
________________ _______________ implies that cultural norms are often the result of practical and survival behaviors related to the climate or the resources in a given physical or geological environment.
Ecological culture
