Social & Cultural Diversity #1

Question 1

The term ________________ ________________ suggests that a minority cultural group will keep their own unique cultural values, yet they still participate in the wider or dominant culture.

Answer 1

Cultural pluralism

Question 2

Counseling a client from a different social and/or cultural background is known as _______________, _______________ or _______________.

Answer 2

Cross-cultural counseling, multicultural counseling, or intercultural counseling

Question 3

Culture refers to _______________.

Answer 3

Customs, values, attitudes, beliefs, art, and language shared by a group which distinguish it from other groups.

Question 4

Persons who live in a culture that is different from their native culture often experience conflicting thoughts, feelings, or behaviors due to divided cultural loyalties which can be described as _______________ ________________.

Answer 4

Cultural conflict

Question 5

The dominant culture or the culture that is accepted by the majority of citizens in a given society is called ________________ or _______________.

Answer 5

Macroculture or majority culture

Question 6

In social psychology, the term _______________ describes an unearned advantage that affords certain individuals within a society dominance, access to resources, and subsequent power.

Answer 6

Privilege

Question 7

The idea of _______________ _______________ connotes that a behavior cannot be assessed as good or bad except within the context of the culture in which it takes place.

Answer 7

Cultural relativity or cultural relativism

Question 8

Books, paintings, homes, and tools can be described as _______________ _______________, while customs, values, humor, social ideas, and traditions can be called ______________ ______________.

Answer 8

• Material culture
• Non-material culture

Question 9

_______________ refers to the identification of individuals via distinct physical or bodily characteristics such as skin color or facial features.

Answer 9

Race

Question 10

_______________ _______________ is detrimental to the counseling process and occurs when a counselor ignores a client’s race, culture, or color.

Answer 10

Color blindness

Question 11

_______________ ______________ describes the cultural patterns common to a given country.

Answer 11

National culture

Question 12

_______________ _______________ _______________ emphasizes the influence of the environment on behavior rather than genetics or inborn tendencies.

Answer 12

Social learning theory

Question 13

The three factors that enhance personal attraction are _______________, _______________, and _______________.

Answer 13

Close proximity, physical attraction, and similar beliefs.

Question 14

The term contextualism implies that _______________.

Answer 14

Behavior must be assessed in the context of the culture in which it occurs.

Question 15

A person’s perception of their relationship with the world as a whole is called _______________.

Answer 15

Worldview

Question 16

Leon Festinger’s theory of ________________ ________________ suggests that individuals will attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs.

Answer 16

Cognitive dissonance

Question 17

Leon Festinger’s theory of ________________ ________________ suggests that individuals will attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs.

Answer 17

Cognitive dissonance

Question 18

Leon Festinger’s theory of ________________ ________________ suggests that individuals will attempt to reduce or eliminate inconsistent or incompatible actions and beliefs.

Answer 18

Cognitive dissonance

Question 19

Culture is said to be normative which implies that ________________.

Answer 19

Culture provides individuals with standards of conduct.

Question 20

A cultural norm describes ________________.

Answer 20

How people are expected to act.

Question 21

Mores are _______________.

Answer 21

Moral norms based on the rightness or wrongness of behavior.

Question 22

Folkways are _______________.

Answer 22

Informal norms or customs that guide socially acceptable behavior.

Question 23

________________ was the first pioneer to focus heavily on sociocultural issues.

Answer 23

Frank Parsons

Question 24

The idea of universal culture implies _______________.

Answer 24

That humans all have similar basic needs (e.g., food, water, air, sleep) regardless of cultural affiliation.

Question 25

________________ _______________ implies that cultural norms are often the result of practical and survival behaviors related to the climate or the resources in a given physical or geological environment.

Answer 25

Ecological culture