Human Growth & Development #2 Flashcards
According to Bowlby, when a bond between parent and child is severed before the age of 3 _______________ _______________ occurs and is thought to be the breeding ground for abnormal behavior.
Object loss
The Eriksonian stage during which the midlife crisis occurs is called _______________ and takes place between the ages of _______ and _______.
- Generativity vs. stagnation
- Between the ages of 40-65
The research psychologist who is well known for his work with maternal deprivation and isolation in rhesus monkeys is ________________.
Harry Harlow
The Eriksonian stage that focuses heavily on sharing your life with another person is called _______________ and takes place between the ages of _______ and _______.
Intimacy vs isolation
(Ages 19-40 years)
In Freudian theory, the life instinct is called _______________, while _______________ refers to the self-destructive death instinct.
- Eros
- Thanatos
In adolescents, _______________ complete suicide more often than _______________, but _______________ attempt suicide more often.
Males complete suicide more often than females, but females attempt suicide more often.
Fear of death is greatest during which phase of life?
Middle age
In Freudian theory, attachment is a major factor during which psychosexual stage?
Oral Stage
(Birth-1 year)
The Freudian developmental stage which least emphasizes sexuality is _______________.
Latency Stage
(Ages 6-12)
During this Piagetian developmental stage abstract thinking emerges as does the ability to solve problems using deduction:
Formal Operations
(Ages 12 and Up)
Kohlberg lists _______ stages of moral development which fall into _______ levels.
6 stages, which fall into 3 levels.
Kohlberg’s first level of moral development is _______________ which encompasses two stages called _______________ and _______________.
- Preconventional Level (Ages 0-9)
- Stage 1: Punishment and Obedience Orientation
- Stage 2: Instrumental-Relativist Orientation
Kohlberg’s second level of moral development is _______________ which encompasses two stages called _______________ and _______________.
- Conventional Level (Early Adolescence to Adulthood)
- Stage 3: Good Boy, Nice Girl Orientation
- Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation
Kohlberg’s third level of moral development is _______________ which encompasses two stages called _______________ and _______________.
- Postconventional Level (Some Adults; Rare)
- Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation
- Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles
Freud’s Oedipus complex occurs during the ________________ stage, describes _______________, and is referred to as _______________ in girls.
- Phallic Stage
- Feelings of desire for the opposite-sex parent paired with envious and aggressive feelings toward the same-sex parent.
- Called Electra Complex in girls
Empiricist researchers emphasize the role of the ________________ on development, while organismic researchers feel the individual’s ________________ are more important in terms of one’s development.
- Environment (empiricist)
- Actions (organismic)
In Piaget’s developmental theory, reflexes play the greatest role in the _______________ stage.
Sensorimotor Stage
(Birth-2 Years)
The schema of permanency and constancy of objects occurs in Piaget’s ________________ stage.
Sensorimotor Stage
(Birth-2 Years)
When the term instinctual is used in counseling psychology it means _______________.
Behavior that manifests itself in all normal members of a given species.
According to Freudian theory, if a child is severely traumatized they may ______________ a given psychosexual stage.
Become fixated at
The word ethology refers to _______________.
The study of animal’s behavior in their natural environment.
Konrad Lorenz discovered an instinctual behavior called _______________ in which an infant instinctively follows the first moving object it encounters, usually its mother.
Imprinting
_______________ _______________ refers to laboratory research using animals and attempts to generalize the findings to humans.
Comparative psychology
_______________ occurs during Piaget’s preoperational stage and is characterized by focusing on a key feature of a given object or situation while not noticing the rest of it.
Centration
A child fantasizing that an automobile or a rock is talking to them is best related to Piaget’s _______________ stage.
Preoperational Stage
(Ages 2-7)
