Human Growth & Development #2 Flashcards

1
Q

According to Bowlby, when a bond between parent and child is severed before the age of 3 _______________ _______________ occurs and is thought to be the breeding ground for abnormal behavior.

A

Object loss

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2
Q

The Eriksonian stage during which the midlife crisis occurs is called _______________ and takes place between the ages of _______ and _______.

A
  • Generativity vs. stagnation
  • Between the ages of 40-65
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3
Q

The research psychologist who is well known for his work with maternal deprivation and isolation in rhesus monkeys is ________________.

A

Harry Harlow

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4
Q

The Eriksonian stage that focuses heavily on sharing your life with another person is called _______________ and takes place between the ages of _______ and _______.

A

Intimacy vs isolation
(Ages 19-40 years)

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5
Q

In Freudian theory, the life instinct is called _______________, while _______________ refers to the self-destructive death instinct.

A
  • Eros
  • Thanatos
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6
Q

In adolescents, _______________ complete suicide more often than _______________, but _______________ attempt suicide more often.

A

Males complete suicide more often than females, but females attempt suicide more often.

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7
Q

Fear of death is greatest during which phase of life?

A

Middle age

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8
Q

In Freudian theory, attachment is a major factor during which psychosexual stage?

A

Oral Stage
(Birth-1 year)

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9
Q

The Freudian developmental stage which least emphasizes sexuality is _______________.

A

Latency Stage
(Ages 6-12)

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10
Q

During this Piagetian developmental stage abstract thinking emerges as does the ability to solve problems using deduction:

A

Formal Operations
(Ages 12 and Up)

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11
Q

Kohlberg lists _______ stages of moral development which fall into _______ levels.

A

6 stages, which fall into 3 levels.

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12
Q

Kohlberg’s first level of moral development is _______________ which encompasses two stages called _______________ and _______________.

A
  • Preconventional Level (Ages 0-9)
  • Stage 1: Punishment and Obedience Orientation
  • Stage 2: Instrumental-Relativist Orientation
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13
Q

Kohlberg’s second level of moral development is _______________ which encompasses two stages called _______________ and _______________.

A
  • Conventional Level (Early Adolescence to Adulthood)
  • Stage 3: Good Boy, Nice Girl Orientation
  • Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation
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14
Q

Kohlberg’s third level of moral development is _______________ which encompasses two stages called _______________ and _______________.

A
  • Postconventional Level (Some Adults; Rare)
  • Stage 5: Social Contract Orientation
  • Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles
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15
Q

Freud’s Oedipus complex occurs during the ________________ stage, describes _______________, and is referred to as _______________ in girls.

A
  • Phallic Stage
  • Feelings of desire for the opposite-sex parent paired with envious and aggressive feelings toward the same-sex parent.
  • Called Electra Complex in girls
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16
Q

Empiricist researchers emphasize the role of the ________________ on development, while organismic researchers feel the individual’s ________________ are more important in terms of one’s development.

A
  • Environment (empiricist)
  • Actions (organismic)
17
Q

In Piaget’s developmental theory, reflexes play the greatest role in the _______________ stage.

A

Sensorimotor Stage
(Birth-2 Years)

18
Q

The schema of permanency and constancy of objects occurs in Piaget’s ________________ stage.

A

Sensorimotor Stage
(Birth-2 Years)

19
Q

When the term instinctual is used in counseling psychology it means _______________.

A

Behavior that manifests itself in all normal members of a given species.

20
Q

According to Freudian theory, if a child is severely traumatized they may ______________ a given psychosexual stage.

A

Become fixated at

21
Q

The word ethology refers to _______________.

A

The study of animal’s behavior in their natural environment.

22
Q

Konrad Lorenz discovered an instinctual behavior called _______________ in which an infant instinctively follows the first moving object it encounters, usually its mother.

A

Imprinting

23
Q

_______________ _______________ refers to laboratory research using animals and attempts to generalize the findings to humans.

A

Comparative psychology

24
Q

_______________ occurs during Piaget’s preoperational stage and is characterized by focusing on a key feature of a given object or situation while not noticing the rest of it.

A

Centration

25
Q

A child fantasizing that an automobile or a rock is talking to them is best related to Piaget’s _______________ stage.

A

Preoperational Stage
(Ages 2-7)