Counseling & Helping Relationships #2

Question 1

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ is a concept used to create a hierarchy via the process of introspection by rating the level of anxiety associated with a specific situation.

Answer 1

Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS)

Question 2

_______________ _______________, a behavior therapy technique created by Joseph Wolpe, is designed to curb phobic reactions, anxiety, and avoidance responses to innocuous situations

Answer 2

Systematic desensitization

Question 3

_______________ _______________ _______________ are unconscious strategies based on self-deception that distort reality, serve to minimize anxiety, and protect our self-image.

Answer 3

Ego defense mechanisms

Question 4

According to Freudians, the most important or “granddaddy” of defense mechanisms is ________________.

Answer 4

Repression

Question 5

_______________ _______________ occurs when a person can’t accept a given impulse or desire and thus behaves in the opposite manner of how they actually feel (e.g., a person with a porn addiction becomes an outspoken member of the anti-porn movement).

Answer 5

Reaction formation

Question 6

______________ is present when a person channels unwanted or disturbing thoughts, impulses, or desires into something socially acceptable, positive, and/or constructive.

Answer 6

Sublimation

Question 7

________________ is an intellectualized excuse designed to minimize our own negative feelings about a given situation (e.g., “I don’t really care that I failed the exam, only nerds get good grades).

Answer 7

Rationalization

Question 8

_______________ occurs when an undesirable impulse is directed toward a safer, less threatening target (e.g., a man who was angered by his boss kicks the family dog or yells at his wife when he gets home from work).

Answer 8

Displacement

Question 9

________________ results when an individual unconsciously adopts the characteristics of a successful person or cause to feel more secure, manage anxiety, foster a sense of belonging, and/or be perceived as successful or worthy.

Answer 9

Identification

Question 10

When employing __________________ __________________ _________________ an individual under-rates or downplays the value or desirability of an unattained reward to protect themselves from a bruised ego (e.g., “It’s good I didn’t get into college, now I can take a gap year and travel.”).

Answer 10

Sour grapes rationalization

Question 11

_________________ ________________ _________________ occurs when an individual overrates a situation to convince themselves that something undesirable is actually something they wanted or planned (e.g., “It’s fine I got fired, I was ready to look for a new job anyway.”).

Answer 11

Sweet lemon rationalization

Question 12

________________ occurs when an individual refuses to face reality and recognize or acknowledge objective facts or experiences in an attempt to protect themselves from anxiety or negative emotions.

Answer 12

Denial

Question 13

The person who engages in ________________ displaces their unwanted feelings and/or unacceptable qualities onto another person (e.g., a person who is having an affair accuses their partner of infidelity).

Answer 13

Projection

Question 14

________________ is evident when an individual attempts to develop or overdevelop a positive trait to make up for self-perceived inferiority, unconsciously hoping others will focus on their positive rather than negative attributes.

Answer 14

Compensation

Question 15

_______________ occurs when a person internalizes the ideas, beliefs, values, and/or personality traits of an influential or authoritative person in their life.

Answer 15

Introjection

Question 16

The client’s tendency to inhibit or fight against the therapeutic process is known as ________________.

Answer 16

Resistance

Question 17

________________ is used in counseling to make client’s aware of their unconscious processes.

Answer 17

Interpretation

Question 18

When a client becomes aware of a factor in their life that was previously unknown, counselors refer to it as _________________.

Answer 18

Insight

Question 19

________________ is said to be evident when the counselor’s feelings or attachment to the client are strong enough to hinder the treatment process.

Answer 19

Countertransference

Question 20

Carl Jung, founder of analytic psychology, said that men operate on logic or the ________________ _______________, while women are intuitive and operating on the _________________ ________________.

Answer 20

• Logos principle (men)
• Eros principle (women)

Question 21

________________ are drawings balanced around a center point used by Carl Jung to analyze himself, his clients, and dreams.

Answer 21

Mandalas

Question 22

________________ ________________ emphasized the drive for superiority and a thirst for perfection as motivating factors for human behavior.

Answer 22

Alfred Adler (Individual Psychology)

Question 23

In contrast with Freud, the neo-Freudians emphasized ________________ _______________.

Answer 23

Social factors

Question 24

In Behaviorism, _______________ indicates the frequency that a behavior is manifested prior to or in the absence of treatment.

Answer 24

Baseline (or base line)

Question 25

In transactional analysis, the _______________ _______________ component of the personality is sympathetic, caring, and protective.

Answer 25

Nurturing parent