Counseling & Helping Relationships #3

Question 1

________________ _______________ ________________, a concept popularized by Carl Rogers, describes an approach in which the counselor accepts the client just the way they are without any stipulations.

Answer 1

Unconditional positive regard

Question 2

In Jungian theory, an _______________ individual is his or her own primary source of pleasure and will generally shy away from social situations when possible.

Answer 2

Introverted

Question 3

In Jungian theory, an _______________ individual has the tendency to find satisfaction and pleasure in other people and seek external rewards.

Answer 3

Extroverted

Question 4

The personality types of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) are associated with the work of ______________ ______________.

Answer 4

Carl Jung

Question 5

The four bipolar preference scales of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) are:

Answer 5

• Extroversion or Introversion
• Sensing or Intuition
• Thinking or Feeling
• Judging or Perceiving

Question 6

Developed by Henry Murray, the _______________ _______________ _______________ is a projective test in which the client is shown a series of pictures and asked to tell a story.

Answer 6

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Question 7

Adler emphasized that people wish to belong. This is known as _______________.

Answer 7

Social connectedness

Question 8

The _______________ _______________, a term coined by Carl Jung implies that all humans have collected universal inherited unconscious neural patterns.

Answer 8

Collective unconscious

Question 9

______________ _______________ techniques, which are largely associated with the works of Alfred Adler and Viktor Frankl, instruct the client to intensify or purposely engage in a maladaptive behavior.

Answer 9

Paradoxical techniques (or paradoxical methods)

Question 10

Jung felt that society caused men to deny their feminine side called _______________ and women to deny their masculine side called _______________.

Answer 10

• Anima (feminine side)
• Animus (masculine side)

Question 11

The material that makes up Jung’s collective unconscious, which is passed from generation to generation, is known as _______________.

Answer 11

Archetypes

Question 12

In Jungian theory, an _______________ is a primal, universal symbol that means the same thing to all humans.

Answer 12

Archetype

Question 13

In Jungian theory, the _______________ encompasses everything an individual refuses to acknowledge and represents the unconscious opposite of the individual’s conscious expression.

Answer 13

Shadow

Question 14

In Jungian theory, the _______________ is the mask or role we present to others to hide our true self.

Answer 14

Persona

Question 15

_______________ occurs when a counselor makes statements designed to illuminate discrepancies between the client’s and the helper’s conceptualization of a given situation.

Answer 15

Confrontation

Question 16

______________ _______________ occurs when a counselor is able to experience the client’s point of view in terms of feelings and cognitions.

Answer 16

Accurate empathy

Question 17

_______________ transpires when a counselor brings together the ideas discussed during a period of dialogue or asks the client to do the same.

Answer 17

Summarization

Question 18

_______________ ________________ _______________ ________________, created by Steve Hayes, is action-oriented and helps clients learn to stop avoiding their emotions and instead accept them as appropriate responses that should not prevent them from moving forward in their lives.

Answer 18

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)

Question 19

______________ _______________ is a psychoanalytic concept that suggests if you merely deal with a symptom, another symptom will manifest in its place because the real problem is in the unconscious mind.

Answer 19

Symptom substitution

Question 20

When ______________ occurs the counselor’s past is projected onto the client and the clinician’s objectivity sufferers markedly.

Answer 20

Countertransference

Question 21

______________ theory stresses the importance of lifestyle, birth order, and family constellation.

Answer 21

Adlerian

Question 22

Classical conditioning relates to the work of _______________ _______________.

Answer 22

Ivan Pavlov

Question 23

B.F. Skinner’s operant conditioning is also referred to as _______________ _______________.

Answer 23

Instrumental learning

Question 24

Pavlovian conditioning is _______________, while Skinnerian conditioning is ______________ or _______________.

Answer 24

• Respondent (Pavlovian)
• Instrumental Operant (Skinnerian)

Question 25

In conditioning, all reinforcers, both positive and negative serve to _______________.

Answer 25

Raise the probability that a prior behavior will occur.