Soc 17: The structure of the respiratory system Flashcards
What is the percentage of air moving into our body through respiration?
21% oxygen & 0.04% carbon dioxide.
What is the percentage of air moving out of our body through respiration?
16% oxygen & 4% carbon dioxide.
What is vital capacity?
Vital capacity is the greatest amount of air that can be pass into and out of the lungs by the most forceful inspiration and expiration.
What is tidal volume?
Tidal volume is the amount of air inspired and expired with each normal breath at rest or during exercise.
Why does tidal volume increase when exercising?
As you exercise your tidal volume increases because the amount of oxygen needed increases. Your lungs are having to work harder because the demand for oxygen is greater.
Define the term ‘Respiration’ ?
The movement of air from outside the body into the cells within tissues.
Define the term ‘Diaphragm’ ?
The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration, or inhalation. A dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the rest of the body cavity.
Define the term ‘Trachea’ ?
The tube that takes air into the chest, also known as the windpipe.
Define the term ‘Bronchus’ ?
The tube along which air passes from the trachea into the lungs.
Define the term ‘Bronchioles’ ?
These are smaller branches coming off the bronchi.
Define the term ‘Alveoli’ ?
These are tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles, where gas exchange takes place.
Define the term ‘Haemoglobin’ ?
This is a type of protein found in every red blood cell.
Define the process of ‘Gaseous exchange’ ?
This is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues.
What is ‘Oxygen debt’ ?
The amount of oxygen needed at the end of a physical activity to break down any lactic acid.
What is your ‘VO2 max’ ?
This is the volume of oxygen an athlete can consume while exercising at maximum capacity.
