Soc:16 The Structure Of Blood Vessles And Blood Distribution Flashcards
What is blood distribution (Vascular shunting)?
Process that increases blood foow to active areas during exercise by diverting blood away from inactive areas; achieved by vasodilation and vasoconstriction.
What is the immune system?
The structures and processes in your body that stop disease.
What is Thrombokinase?
A substance involved in blood clotting.
Define Serotonin?
Hormone that triggers the clotting process.
Define plasma.
The fluid part of blood.
What is an erthrocyte?
A red blood cell
What is haemoglobin?
A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen.
What is anaemia?
A condition where there is a lack of red blood cells or haemoglobin in the blood.
What is a leukocyte
White blood cell.
Function of the three blood vessels? (Function and characteristics)
Arteries- Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart at a high pressure with blood to the rest of the body.Thick wall. Elastic fibres. Relatively small lumen in comparison to diameter of artery.
Veins- Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart at a low pressure.Thin wall. Little muscle and elasticity. Large lumen in comparison to the diameter of the Vein.
Capillaries- Connects arteries and veins. Very small. Lumen is just big enough for a red blood cell to fit through. Wall is one cell thick.
What are the four components of the blood?
Red blood cells, White blood cells, Blood plasma, Blood platelets.
What are red blood cells?
Otherwise known as erothrocytes. Contains haemoglobin which attracts oxygen to the blood and picks it up at the lungs.
What are white blood cells?
Transparent cells otherwise known as leukocytes. Defence system for body- Destroy pathogens which cause illness. Some can completely digest bacteria or viruses and other use antibodies and bacteria.
What is blood plasma?
Straw- coloured liquid- made up of 90% water. It is important in sport because without circulation between the cells and the tissues, oxygen transportation cannot happen. This means muscles cannot get the energy they need to work. Carbon dioxide dissolves in plasma when it is being removed into the blood.
What are blood platelets?
Formed in the bone marrow. They create Thrombokinase which is essential for the clotting of the blood. When a blood vessel is cut, platelets rush to the area and shell into irregular shapes, they become sticky and act as a drain plug. If platelets cannot stop the bleeding then they send a signal to the blood to start clotting to stop the bleeding.
